37 Facts About Aboriginal Tasmanians

Aboriginal Tasmanians are the Aboriginal people of the Australian island of Tasmania, located south of the mainland.

For much of the 20th century, the Tasmanian Aboriginal people were widely, and erroneously, thought of as being an extinct cultural and ethnic group that had been intentionally exterminated by white settlers.

Contemporary figures for the number of people of Tasmanian Aboriginal Tasmanians descent vary according to the criteria used to determine this identity, ranging from 6,000 to over 23,000.

The Palawa population suffered a drastic drop in numbers within three decades, so that by 1835 only some 400 full-blooded Tasmanian Aboriginal Tasmanians people survived, most of this remnant being incarcerated in camps where all but 47 died within the following 12 years.

At first, contact with the Aboriginal people was friendly; however the Aboriginal Tasmanians became alarmed when another boat was dispatched towards the shore.

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Many Tasmanian Aboriginal Tasmanians women were highly skilled in hunting seals, as well as in obtaining other foods such as seabirds, and some Tasmanian tribes would trade their services and, more rarely, those of Aboriginal Tasmanians men to the sealers for the seal-hunting season.

Historian Lyndall Ryan records 74 Aboriginal Tasmanians people living with sealers on the Bass Strait islands in the period up to 1835.

Bonwick did note that Tasmanian Aboriginal Tasmanians women were infected with venereal diseases by Europeans.

The "higher grade" saw the hanging as a dangerous precedent and argued that Aboriginal Tasmanians people were only defending their land and should not be punished for doing so.

Every dispatch from Governor Arthur to the Secretary of State during this period stressed that in every case where Aboriginal Tasmanians people had been killed it was colonists that initiated hostilities.

The figures for the Aboriginal Tasmanians population shot is likely a substantial undercount.

The Aboriginal Tasmanians people were free to roam the island and were often absent from the settlement for extended periods on hunting trips as the rations supplied turned out to be inadequate.

Tasmanian Aboriginal Tasmanians skulls were particularly sought internationally for studies into craniofacial anthropometry.

Aboriginal Tasmanians's skeleton was then put up for public display in the Tasmanian Museum until 1947, and was only laid to rest, by cremation, in 1976.

Aboriginal Tasmanians people have considered the dispersal of body parts as being disrespectful, as a common aspect within Aboriginal Tasmanians belief systems is that a soul can only be at rest when laid in its homeland.

Tasmanian Palawa Aboriginal Tasmanians community is making an effort to reconstruct and reintroduce a Tasmanian language, called palawa kani out of the various records on Tasmanian languages.

Social organisation of Aboriginal Tasmanians had at least two hierarchies: the domestic unit or family group and the social unit or clan - which had a self-defining name with 40 to 50 people.

Genetic studies have suggested much higher figures which is supported by oral traditions that Aboriginal Tasmanians people were "more numerous than the white people were aware of" but that their population had been greatly reduced by a sudden outbreak of disease before 1803.

Aboriginal Tasmanians were primarily nomadic people who lived in adjoining territories, moving based on seasonal changes in food supplies such as seafood, land mammals and native vegetables and berries.

Certainly, in 1847, when a surviving Aboriginal Tasmanians "chief" was temporarily returned to Launceston from exile in Wybalenna, he requested to be taken to the Cataract Gorge and was described as being jubilant at return to the Gorge, followed with apparent lamentation at what had been lost to him.

The famed Aboriginal Tasmanians leader Umarrah was a member of this clan and he was noted for his aggression and sustained campaign against European interlopers - although he was raised by colonials himself.

Clans of the Ben Lomond nation were nomadic, and the Aboriginal Tasmanians residents hunted along the valleys of the South Esk and North Esk rivers, their tributaries and the highlands to the northeast; as well as making forays to the plateau in summer.

Aboriginal Tasmanians culture was disrupted severely in the 19th century after dispossession of land and incarceration of Aboriginal Tasmanians people on Wybalenna and Oyster Cove.

Mythology of the Aboriginal Tasmanians appears to be complex and possibly specific to each clan group.

Aboriginal Tasmanians removed their tails and fashioned their knee joints "so that they could rest" and thus man achieved differentiation form the kangaroo.

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Colonial British recorded that Aboriginal Tasmanians people describe topographical features, such as valleys and caves, as being inhabited by spiritual entities recorded by contemporaries as "sprites".

Aboriginal Tasmanians people recounted that there was a prime malevolent spirit called rageowrapper, who appeared as a large black man and is associated with the darkness.

Aboriginal Tasmanians people were recorded to keep bones of dead people as talismans or amulets.

Tasmanian Aboriginal Tasmanians peoples used bark wrapping to protect fire-starting coals from Tasmania's wet maritime climate.

Approximately 4,000 years ago, Aboriginal Tasmanians largely dropped scaled fish from their diet, and began eating more land mammals, such as possums, kangaroos, and wallabies.

Aboriginal Tasmanians had employed bone tools, but it appears that they switched from worked bone tools to more efficient sharpened stone tools.

Traditionally, Aboriginal Tasmanians women had the exclusive role of obtaining ochre, and many Tasmanian Aboriginal Tasmanians men continue to respect this custom by obtaining ochre only from women.

Robinson related that one design in an Aboriginal Tasmanians hut was very accurately drawn and was created via the use of a kind of wooden compass.

Aboriginal Tasmanians people inhabited Tasmania's South-west from the last glacial maximum and hand stencils and ochre smears are found in several caves, the oldest of which is dated to 10000 years ago.

Tasmanian Aboriginal Tasmanians people are asserting their identity and culture through the visual arts.

Themes consistent in modern Tasmanian Aboriginal Tasmanians art are loss, kinship, narratives of dispossession but survival.

Tasmanian Aboriginal Tasmanians women have traditionally collected Maireener shells to fashion necklaces and bracelets.