32 Facts About Aeneas Mackintosh

1.

Aeneas Mackintosh returned in 1909 to participate in the later stages of the expedition; his will and determination in adversity impressed Shackleton, and led to his Ross Sea party appointment in 1914.

2.

Aeneas Mackintosh's problems were compounded when the party's ship, SY Aurora, was swept from its winter moorings during a gale and was unable to return, causing the loss of vital equipment and supplies.

3.

In carrying out the party's depot-laying task, one man died; Aeneas Mackintosh barely survived, owing his life to the actions of his comrades who brought him to safety.

4.

Aeneas Mackintosh was born in Tirhut, on 1 July 1879.

5.

Aeneas Mackintosh was one of six children of a Scottish indigo planter, Alexander Mackintosh, a descendant from the chieftains of Clan Chattan.

6.

Aeneas Mackintosh's father had Bright's disease and remained in India.

7.

Aeneas Mackintosh never saw his father again but remained fond of him, writing regularly; his father kept every letter but they were found unopened when his father died.

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8.

Aeneas Mackintosh then followed the same path as had Ernest Shackleton five years earlier, leaving school at the age of 16 to go to sea.

9.

On 31 January 1908, not long after Nimrods arrival at McMurdo Sound in the Antarctic, Aeneas Mackintosh was assisting in the transfer of sledging gear aboard ship when a hook swung across the deck and struck his right eye, virtually destroying it.

10.

Aeneas Mackintosh was immediately taken to the captain's cabin where, later that day, expedition doctor Eric Marshall operated to remove the eye, using partly improvised surgical equipment.

11.

Aeneas Mackintosh took no part in the main events of the expedition, but returned south with Nimrod in January 1909, to participate in the closing stages.

12.

Aeneas Mackintosh decided that he would cross this stretch of ice on foot.

13.

Aeneas Mackintosh later launched his own treasure-hunting expedition to Cocos Island off the Panama Pacific coast, but again returned home empty-handed.

14.

In February 1912, Aeneas Mackintosh married Gladys Campbell, and settled into an office job as assistant secretary to the Imperial Merchant Service Guild in Liverpool.

15.

Aeneas Mackintosh was originally to have been a member of Shackleton's transcontinental party, but difficulties arose over the appointment of a commander for the Ross Sea party.

16.

Aeneas Mackintosh arrived in Australia in October 1914 to take up his duties, and was immediately faced with major difficulties.

17.

Aeneas Mackintosh was instructed to make up the difference by soliciting free gifts, and to mortgage the expedition's ship to raise further money.

18.

Aeneas Mackintosh had told Mackintosh that it was supremely important to have the depots laid, but he informed Mackintosh he would be carrying sufficient provisions to cross the continent unaided.

19.

Aeneas Mackintosh sent a letter to his wife telling her that his men were a 'real good lot of fellows' and it was a 'treat' to be with them.

20.

On 16 January 1915, the shore party landed at McMurdo Sound, where Aeneas Mackintosh established a base camp at Captain Robert Falcon Scott's old headquarters at Cape Evans.

21.

Joyce was shocked by the rebuff; he had expected that Aeneas Mackintosh would defer to him on sledging matters: "If I had Shacks here I would make him see my way of arguing", he wrote in his diary.

22.

Aeneas Mackintosh therefore resolved that the following season's work would be carried out to the full: depots would be laid across the Great ice Barrier all the way to the Beardmore Glacier.

23.

Aeneas Mackintosh's position became increasingly isolated, and subject to the frequent vocal criticisms of Joyce in particular.

24.

Aeneas Mackintosh started a new diary five days later, which has never been found.

25.

Aeneas Mackintosh rejected the suggestion that he should remain with the invalid, insisting that it was his duty to ensure that every depot was laid.

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26.

Aeneas Mackintosh's condition was deteriorating rapidly; unable to pull, he staggered along, crippled by the growing effects of scurvy.

27.

On 8 May 1916, after carrying out reconnaissance on the state of the sea ice, Aeneas Mackintosh announced that he and Hayward were prepared to risk the walk to Cape Evans.

28.

Aeneas Mackintosh was still in charge of the party and short of forcibly restraining him they could only urge him not to go.

29.

Aeneas Mackintosh is commemorated by a memorial on his mother Annie's grave in the churchyard of St John the Evangelist's Church in Burgess Hill, West Sussex.

30.

Aeneas Mackintosh's reputation is not well-served by either, particularly Joyce's partisan record which is described by one commentator as a "self-aggrandizing epic".

31.

The circumstances of Aeneas Mackintosh's death have led commentators to emphasise his impetuousness and incompetence.

32.

Aeneas Mackintosh, who had received a silver Polar Medal for his work during the Nimrod expedition, is commemorated by Mt Aeneas Mackintosh at.