1. Alfons Vilhelm Robert Rebane was an Estonian military commander.
20 Facts About Alfons Rebane
1. 2.
Alfons Rebane was the most highly decorated Estonian military officer during World War II, serving in various Wehrmacht and Waffen-SS units of Nazi Germany.
3.
Alfons Rebane led the Estonian portion of MI6's Operation Jungle well into the 1950s.
4.
In 1961, Alfons Rebane retired from the British intelligence services and moved to Germany, where he stayed until his death in Augsburg in 1976.
5.
Alfons Rebane was born in Valga in southern Estonia, then part of the Governorate of Livonia of the Russian Empire.
6.
Alfons Rebane served as an infantry officer on the armoured train "Captain Irv" of the 1st Armored Train Regiment as a second lieutenant in 1929.
7.
On Estonian Independence Day on 24 February 1933, Alfons Rebane was promoted to first lieutenant.
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Beate Klarsfeld 8.
From January to June 1940 Alfons Rebane was the Commandant of Lihula.
9.
Alfons Rebane served as an officer in the Estonian Army until Soviet troops occupied the country in 1940.
10.
Many junior officers, such as Alfons Rebane, were dismissed due to their lack of "political reliability" and were liable to be deported.
11.
Alfons Rebane established and led a group of Forest Brothers in Virumaa in May 1941.
12.
In February 1944 Alfons Rebane's unit was transferred to the Narva Front and attached to the Wehrmacht's 26th Army Corps on 2 March.
13.
Alfons Rebane's unit was then evacuated to Germany for refitting and saw more action on the Eastern Front in the spring of 1945.
14.
Alfons Rebane was decorated with the silver Close Combat Clasp, awarded for hand-to-hand fighting by unsupported infantry for a total of 30 days.
15.
In 1947 Alfons Rebane moved to England and joined the British Secret Intelligence Service as the Estonian expert at the Intelligence School in London.
16.
Alfons Rebane led the Estonian portion of MI6's Operation Jungle well into the 1950s.
17.
In 1961, Alfons Rebane retired from the British intelligence services and moved to Germany, where he stayed until his death in Augsburg in 1976.
18.
In 1977, Patrice Chairoff and Beate Klarsfeld alleged Alfons Rebane was a war criminal.
19.
Alfons Rebane was never convicted of war crimes and [the allegations] are just a political game to try to show that Estonia has lots of fascists.
20.
In June 2018, a plaque commemorating Alfons Rebane was unveiled on the wall of a private building in Mustla where he had lived.