10 Facts About Antisense RNA

Antisense RNA, referred to as antisense transcript, natural antisense transcript or antisense oligonucleotide, is a single stranded RNA that is complementary to a protein coding messenger RNA with which it hybridizes, and thereby blocks its translation into protein.

For example, in plasmid ColE1, the asAntisense RNA termed Antisense RNA I plays an important role in determining the plasmid copy number by controlling replication.

Once RNA II is transcribed, it hybridizes to its DNA template and later cleaved by RNase H In the presence of the asRNA RNA I, RNA I and RNA II forms a duplex which introduces a conformational change of RNA II.

In bacteriophage P22, the asAntisense RNA sar helps regulate between lytic and lysogenic cycle by control the expression of Ant.

Xist, an asAntisense RNA, can recruit polycomb repressive complex 2 which results in heterochromatinization of the X chromosome.

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Antisense RNA has been shown to repress the translation of LINE1-ORF2 domain of Entamoeba histolytica.

Repression of functional proteins via asAntisense RNA induced DNA methylation has been found in several human disease.

For example, in mammals, the asAntisense RNA HOTAIR is transcribed from homeobox C locus but it recruits PRC2 to HOXD which deposits H3K27 and silences HOXD.

For example, in bacterial or eukaryotic cells where complex Antisense RNA polymerases are present, bidirectional transcription at the same locus can lead to polymerase collision and results in the termination of transcription.

Efficient translation of ZEB2 mAntisense RNA requires the presence of an internal ribosome entry site in intron of the mAntisense RNA at the 5' end.