1. Augustinas Voldemaras briefly served as the country's first prime minister in 1918 and continued serving as the minister of foreign affairs until 1920, representing the fledgling Lithuanian state at the Versailles Peace Conference and the League of Nations.
Smetona had Augustinas Voldemaras removed from office in September 1929 and exiled to Zarasai.
Augustinas Voldemaras was arrested in 1934 after the failed coup against Smetona and served a prison sentence until exiled to France in 1938.
Augustinas Voldemaras was born on 16 April 1883 in Dysna village in what is Ignalina district municipality, Lithuania.
In 1902, Augustinas Voldemaras passed the exams to enter a gymnasium, eventually graduating with distinction in 1904.
In 1909, Augustinas Voldemaras graduated in History and Philosophy at the Saint Petersburg Imperial University and, in 1910, received his Master's Degree and was awarded a gold medal for his dissertation.
Augustinas Voldemaras joined the newly established Party of National Progress in 1916 and a group of Lithuanian students in Saint Petersburg, representing it at the Petrograd Seimas in June 1917 and the Congress of Non-Sovereign Nations in Kiev in September 1917.
In 1918, Augustinas Voldemaras returned to Lithuania and joined the Council of Lithuania after several members left it in protest of its alignment with Germany.
Augustinas Voldemaras assumed power on 11 November 1918 and formed a cabinet, taking two cabinet positions for himself: the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Defense.
In June 1920, Augustinas Voldemaras resigned along with the rest of the cabinet, to make way for the government formed by the elections to the constituent assembly.
In 1926, Augustinas Voldemaras was elected to the Seimas and was particularly critical of President Kazys Grinius and his government, which came to power after the elections of 1926.
In January 1928, Augustinas Voldemaras signed a border treaty with Germany, in which Germany accepted Lithuanian possession of Klaipeda and a trade agreement with the United Kingdom the same year.
On 19 September 1929, while attending a meeting of the League of Nations, Augustinas Voldemaras was ousted by President Smetona after the cabinet resigned.
In 1930, Augustinas Voldemaras was exiled to Plateliai and later to Zarasai, where he lived under police surveillance.
Augustinas Voldemaras attempted to return to Lithuania in 1939, but was exiled again.