34 Facts About Bertrand Clauzel

Bertrand Clauzel saw service in the Low Countries, Italy, Haiti and Spain, where he achieved short periods of independent command.

Bertrand Clauzel enlisted in the 43rd Infantry as one of the volunteers of 1791.

Bertrand Clauzel saw service in the first campaign of the French Revolutionary Wars.

Bertrand Clauzel took command of the 4th Division under General Louis-Gabriel Suchet in 1800 and during the campaign that spring he seized the redoubt of Melogno and participated in the attack on Monte-San-Giacomo.

Bertrand Clauzel seized Fort-Dauphin in December 1802 and became commander at Cap Francais with a promotion to Divisional General.

Bertrand Clauzel worked with General Thouvenot at first to try and influence Rochambeau before they eventually conspired on a plot to overthrow Rochambeau and exile him.

The frigate La Surveillante carrying Bertrand Clauzel was shipwrecked off the coast of Florida.

Bertrand Clauzel survived the wreck and made his way to New York where he obtained passage to France.

Bertrand Clauzel commanded a division in the Army of Portugal during the Peninsular War, including the Torres Vedras campaign.

Massena's failures saw him replaced by Marmont, under whom Bertrand Clauzel worked to re-established the discipline, efficiency, and mobility of the army, which had suffered severely in the retreat from Torres Vedras.

Bertrand Clauzel's strategy aimed to counter the attack on his left flank by launching an assault on the Anglo-Portuguese centre to capture the lesser Arapile.

Bertrand Clauzel managed to salvage what remained of the Army of Portugal as he retreated north of Burgos.

In early 1813, Bertrand Clauzel assumed command of the Army of the North in Spain.

Bertrand Clauzel was listed as among those who had "attacked the person" of the King by their participation in the Hundred days in the edict of July 24,1815.

Bertrand Clauzel left Bordeaux and escaped police detection as he fled through France aided by anonymous letters sent to police which reported his whereabouts to be in the region of Foix where he had grown up.

Bertrand Clauzel's fears were justified and he would later be condemned to death in absentia.

Bertrand Clauzel was not directly implicated in such schemes but in one case an expedition organised by Lakanal but did have letters addressed to him.

Bertrand Clauzel was amongst those who settled in the Vine and Olive Colony in modern day Alabama.

Bertrand Clauzel was known to tend a vegetable garden and sell produce at the local market, during his time in exile Clauzel was a personal friend of former General Grouchy.

Bertrand Clauzel seized the first opportunity to return and assist the Orleanist Liberals in France when he was pardoned in 1820, serving in the Chamber of Deputies for Ariege in 1827, then for Ardennes in 1830.

Bertrand Clauzel sat on the left and voted for the Address of the 221 which expressed disapproval at the ultra-royalist administration.

Nevertheless, Bertrand Clauzel oversaw the re-occupation of Oran and Bone but was unable to secure the Algerian interior.

Bertrand Clauzel's approach involved a political settlement between the French, who would take over as suzerain over the Husaynid rulers of Tunis who would gain control over much of Algeria beyond some major ports.

Bertrand Clauzel's attempts collapsed, his actions lacking sanction from his superiors in Paris.

Bertrand Clauzel acted in the absence of orders from the War Ministry and while debates were live in parliament about what to do with the territories in North Africa, he did set out a clearly defined goal for France in Algeria that matched the military forces available to him given the limited political will in the early 1830s for a large and expensive commitment of troops.

Elsewhere, Bertrand Clauzel was an enthusiastic supporter of the first attempt at agricultural colonialism in Algeria, especially a model farm in the Mitidja.

Bertrand Clauzel would set up a company to acquire agricultural land and enable settlement by Europeans.

Simultaneous with his removal, Bertrand Clauzel was appointed a Marshal of France in February 1831.

Bertrand Clauzel advocated for continued occupation, arguing that France's "national honour would be tainted" by withdrawal, not only on account of such an event but because he believed that France's withdrawal would lead to the massacre of the Jewish population of Algeria.

Bertrand Clauzel wrote and advised the national assembly and the government on what policy France should take to secure her interests now that the occupation had become permanent, as well as providing information about the physical and human geography of Algeria.

Public and political opinion turned on Bertrand Clauzel, leading to his recall in February 1837.

Bertrand Clauzel's successor was General Charles Marie Denys de Damremont who would die during the ultimately successful siege of Constantine later in 1837.

Bertrand Clauzel lived in retirement until his death from apoplexy at Chateau du Secourieu in Haute-Garonne in 1842.

Bertrand Clauzel's name is one of 660 French generals whose names are inscribed on the Arc de Triumphe, his name appearing at the top of column 34 on the west side.