Black Kettle is often remembered as a peacemaker who accepted treaties with the US government to protect his people.
21 Facts About Black Kettle
2.
Black Kettle was born around 1803 in South Dakota into the Cheyenne Nation.
3.
Chief Black Kettle was a pragmatist who believed that US military power and the number of immigrants were overwhelming and unable to be resisted.
4.
Black Kettle visited Washington, DC, where President Abraham Lincoln gave him a large American flag.
5.
Whether Black Kettle opposed these actions, tolerated them, or encouraged them remains controversial among historians.
6.
Black Kettle sought and gained from the War Department authorization to establish the Third Colorado Cavalry.
7.
Black Kettle decided to accept Evans' offer and entered negotiations.
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Abraham Lincoln 8.
Black Kettle believed the agreement would ensure the safety of his people.
9.
Black Kettle stopped the mail, and would not allow any person to go on ahead of him at the time he was on his way from Denver city to Fort Lyon.
10.
Black Kettle placed a guard around old Colonel Bent, the former agent there; he stopped a Mr Hagues and many men who were on their way to Fort Lyon.
11.
Black Kettle took the fort by surprise, and as soon as he got there he posted pickets all around the fort, and then left at 8 o'clock that night for this Indian camp.
12.
Black Kettle escaped the massacre and returned to rescue his severely injured wife, who suffered nine bullet and shrapnel wounds.
13.
Black Kettle continued to counsel pacifism, believing that military resistance was doomed to fail.
14.
Black Kettle moved south and continued to negotiate with US officials.
15.
Black Kettle signed the Treaty of Little Arkansas River on October 14,1865.
16.
Black Kettle's dwindling band proclaimed their desire to live peacefully alongside European Americans.
17.
Black Kettle signed yet another treaty, the Medicine Lodge Treaty, on October 28,1867.
18.
Black Kettle planned to attack Cheyenne winter encampments, destroying both supplies and livestock, and killing any people who resisted.
19.
Black Kettle was a recurring character in the CBS family drama Dr Quinn, Medicine Woman for its first three seasons, played by Nick Ramus.
20.
Black Kettle plays a key role for the series in the pilot episode.
21.
Black Kettle later receives a Cheyenne name from Black Kettle meaning "Medicine Woman".