BRCA2 is a human tumor suppressor gene, found in all humans; its protein, called by the synonym breast cancer type 2 susceptibility protein, is responsible for repairing DNA.
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16 Facts About BRCA2
2.
BRCA1 and BRCA2 have been described as "breast cancer susceptibility genes" and "breast cancer susceptibility proteins".
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3.
BRCA2 gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 13 at position 12.
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4.
BRCA2 mutations are usually insertions or deletions of a small number of DNA base pairs in the gene.
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5.
Researchers believe that the defective BRCA2 protein is unable to fix DNA damage that occurs throughout the genome.
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6.
Women having inherited a defective BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene have risks for breast and ovarian cancer that are so high and seem so selective that many mutation carriers choose to have prophylactic surgery.
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7.
Major determinants of where BRCA1- and BRCA2-associated hereditary cancers occur are related to tissue specificity of the cancer pathogen, the agent that causes chronic inflammation, or the carcinogen.
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8.
Methods to diagnose the likelihood of a patient with mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 getting cancer were covered by patents owned or controlled by Myriad Genetics.
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9.
All germline BRCA2 mutations identified to date have been inherited, suggesting the possibility of a large "founder" effect in which a certain mutation is common to a well-defined population group and can theoretically be traced back to a common ancestor.
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10.
AtBRCA2 protein is required for proper localization of the synaptonemal complex protein AtZYP1 and the recombinases AtRAD51 and AtDMC1.
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11.
BRCA2 is required in the mouse for neurogenesis and suppression of medulloblastoma.
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12.
Epigenetic alterations in expression of BRCA2 are very frequent in sporadic cancers while mutations in BRCA2 are rarely found.
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13.
In non-small cell lung cancer, BRCA2 is epigenetically repressed by hypermethylation of the promoter.
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14.
In eukaryotes, BRCA2 protein has an important role in homologous recombinational repair.
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15.
BRCA2 contains a number of 39 amino acid repeats that are critical for binding to RAD51 and resistance to methyl methanesulphonate treatment.
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16.
The Tower domain has an important role in the tumour suppressor function of BRCA2, and is essential for appropriate binding of BRCA2 to DNA.
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