Btrfs is a computer storage format that combines a file system based on the copy-on-write principle with a logical volume manager, developed together.
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16 Facts About Btrfs
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Btrfs is intended to address the lack of pooling, snapshots, checksums, and integral multi-device spanning in Linux file systems.
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Ts'o said that Btrfs is the better direction because "it offers improvements in scalability, reliability, and ease of management".
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In 2015, Btrfs was adopted as the default filesystem for SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12.
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In 2020, Btrfs was selected as the default file system for Fedora 33 for desktop variants.
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In 2009, Btrfs was expected to offer a feature set comparable to ZFS, developed by Sun Microsystems.
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Btrfs provides a clone operation that atomically creates a copy-on-write snapshot of a file.
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Btrfs snapshot is a subvolume that shares its data with some other subvolume, using Btrfs' copy-on-write capabilities, and modifications to a snapshot are not visible in the original subvolume.
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Copy-on-write nature of Btrfs means that snapshots are quickly created, while initially consuming very little disk space.
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Subvolume in Btrfs is quite different from a traditional Logical Volume Manager logical volume.
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When creating a new Btrfs, an existing Btrfs can be used as a read-only "seed" file system.
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In normal use, Btrfs is mostly self-healing and can recover from broken root trees at mount time, thanks to making periodic data flushes to permanent storage, by default every 30 seconds.
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Btrfs suggested instead a modified B-tree, with a refcount associated to each tree node but stored in an ad hoc free map structure and certain relaxations to the tree's balancing algorithms to make them copy-on-write friendly.
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Btrfs is structured as several layers of such trees, all using the same B-tree implementation.
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Btrfs has provisions for additional checksum algorithms to be added in future versions of the file system.
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Btrfs can initiate an online check of the entire file system by triggering a file system scrub job that is performed in the background.
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