1. Cao Zhen, courtesy name Zidan, was a military general of the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period of China.
37 Facts About Cao Zhen
1. 2.
Cao Zhen was an adopted son of Cao Cao, a warlord who rose to power in the late Eastern Han dynasty and laid the foundation for Wei.
3.
Cao Zhen is best known for leading a successful defence of Wei from the first two of a series of invasions by Wei's rival state, Shu Han, between 228 and 229.
4.
The first, from the Records of the Three Kingdoms and Wei Shu, claimed that Cao Zhen was a distant younger relative of Cao Cao, a warlord who rose to power in the late Eastern Han dynasty and controlled the Han central government.
5.
Cao Zhen's father, Cao Shao, was a close aide to Cao Cao and was known for his intelligence and loyalty.
6.
Around 191, when Cao Cao was raising an army to join the Guandong Coalition, he sent Cao Shao to recruit soldiers from the various commanderies.
7.
Around 195, when Cao Zhen Cao Zhen was being attacked by soldiers under a rival warlord Yuan Shu, he took shelter in Qin Bonan's house.
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Out of gratitude to Qin Bonan for saving his life, Cao Zhen Cao Zhen adopted his children and allowed them to bear his family name.
9.
One day, while Cao Zhen was out hunting, he encountered a ferocious tiger which started chasing him.
10.
Cao Zhen turned back and killed the tiger with a single arrow shot.
11.
Cao Zhen scored his first victory in battle when he defeated bandits in Lingqiu County.
12.
Between 217 and 219, Cao Zhen fought in Hanzhong Commandery against Cao Cao's rival Liu Bei, who had launched a campaign to seize control of Hanzhong Commandery from Cao Cao.
13.
Cao Zhen was promoted to Central Resolute General for his achievement.
14.
When Cao Zhen returned to Chang'an, Cao Cao appointed him as Commandant of the Central Army.
15.
At the time, as his general Xiahou Yuan had been killed in action against Liu Bei's forces at the Battle of Mount Dingjun, Cao Zhen Cao Zhen was worried that Liu Bei would press on the attack at Yangping Pass.
16.
Cao Zhen commissioned Cao Zhen as Army Protector Who Attacks Shu and ordered him and Xu Huang to lead troops to attack Gao Xiang, an officer under Liu Bei, at Yangping Pass.
17.
In 219, after a prolonged war against Liu Bei, Cao Zhen Cao Zhen eventually decided to give up defending Hanzhong Commandery so he withdrew all his forces.
18.
Cao Zhen elevated Cao Zhen from the status of a village marquis to a district marquis under the title "Marquis of Dong District".
19.
In late 220, Cao Zhen Pi usurped the throne from Emperor Xian, ended the Eastern Han dynasty, and established the state of Cao Zhen Wei with himself as the new emperor.
21.
Cao Zhen then put Hao Zhao and Wang Sheng in charge of defending Chencang and ordered them to strengthen the fortress's defences.
22.
Cao Zhen Rui approved his proposal and personally saw him off from Luoyang.
23.
Cao Zhen fell sick on the journey back to Luoyang and became bedridden in the subsequent months.
24.
Cao Zhen Rui honoured him with the posthumous title "Marquis Yuan".
25.
Cao Zhen was known for being generous with his personal wealth.
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Cao Zhen took pity on their families so he requested permission from Cao Rui to give away parts of his marquisate to Cao Zun and Zhu Zan's sons.
27.
Cao Zhen was known for sharing weal and woe with his troops whenever he led them into battle.
28.
Cao Zhen had a younger brother, Cao Bin, who received a marquis title and a marquisate of 200 taxable households by Cao Pi's decree.
29.
Cao Zhen had a younger sister who married Xiahou Shang and bore Xiahou Xuan and Xiahou Hui; her personal name is unknown and she was referred to as the Lady of Deyang District.
30.
Cao Zhen had six sons: Cao Shuang, Cao Xi, Cao Xun, Cao Ze, Cao Yan and Cao Ai.
31.
Cao Zhen appears as a character in the 14th-century historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, which romanticises the historical figures and events before and during the Three Kingdoms period.
32.
Cao Zhen makes a late first appearance in Chapter 84 when he accompanies Cao Pi on a campaign against Eastern Wu.
33.
Cao Zhen starts to play a more important role from Chapter 91 onwards when the Shu regent Zhuge Liang launches the Northern Expeditions against Wei.
34.
Cao Zhen prepares for battle halfheartedly as he thinks that he is right.
35.
Seven days later, when his scouts report that a small number of Shu soldiers are approaching the valley, Cao Zhen sends his subordinate Qin Liang to lead 5,000 men to survey the terrain.
36.
Cao Zhen feels so ashamed of himself that he falls sick.
37.
Cao Zhen becomes so angry after reading the letter that he coughs blood and dies that night in his camp.