14 Facts About Cardiac muscle

Cardiac muscle is one of three types of vertebrate muscle tissues, with the other two being skeletal muscle and smooth muscle.

The sheets of Cardiac muscle that wrap around the left ventricle closest to the endocardium are oriented perpendicularly to those closest to the epicardium.

Cardiac muscle cells called cardiomyocytes are the contractile myocytes of the cardiac muscle.

Cardiac muscle cells are the contracting cells that allow the heart to pump.

Individual cardiac muscle cells are joined at their ends by intercalated discs to form long fibers.

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Cardiac muscle cells contain many mitochondria which provide the energy needed for the cell in the form of adenosine triphosphate, making them highly resistant to fatigue.

T-tubules in cardiac muscle are bigger and wider than those in skeletal muscle, but fewer in number.

Cardiac muscle syncytium is a network of cardiomyocytes connected by intercalated discs that enable the rapid transmission of electrical impulses through the network, enabling the syncytium to act in a coordinated contraction of the myocardium.

Together, these substances give support and strength to the muscle cells, create elasticity in cardiac muscle, and keep the muscle cells hydrated by binding water molecules.

Matrix in immediate contact with the Cardiac muscle cells is referred to as the basement membrane, mainly composed of type IV collagen and laminin.

The primary function of both Cardiac muscle types is to contract, and in both cases, a contraction begins with a characteristic flow of ions across the cell membrane known as an action potential.

Cardiac muscle cycle is the performance of the human heart from the beginning of one heartbeat to the beginning of the next.

Olaf Bergmann and his colleagues at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm tested samples of heart muscle from people born before 1955 who had very little cardiac muscle around their heart, many showing with disabilities from this abnormality.

Significant damage to cardiac muscle cells is referred to as myocytolysis which is considered a type of cellular necrosis defined as either coagulative or colliquative.