14 Facts About Cell wall

Cell wall is a structural layer surrounding some types of cells, just outside the cell membrane.

Plant cell wall was first observed and named by Robert Hooke in 1665.

The chemical composition and mechanical properties of the cell wall are linked with plant cell growth and morphogenesis.

In most cells, the cell wall is flexible, meaning that it will bend rather than holding a fixed shape, but has considerable tensile strength.

In plants, a secondary cell wall is a thicker additional layer of cellulose which increases wall rigidity.

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The actual structure of the cell wall is not clearly defined and several models exist - the covalently linked cross model, the tether model, the diffuse layer model and the stratified layer model.

In some plants and cell types, after a maximum size or point in development has been reached, a secondary wall is constructed between the plasma membrane and primary wall.

In fungi, the cell wall is the outer-most layer, external to the plasma membrane.

The fungal cell wall is a matrix of three main components:.

The spore wall has three layers, the middle one composed primarily of cellulose, while the innermost is sensitive to cellulase and pronase.

The cell wall is essential to the survival of many bacteria, although L-form bacteria can be produced in the laboratory that lack a cell wall.

Gram-positive bacteria possess a thick cell wall containing many layers of peptidoglycan and teichoic acids.

In contrast, gram-negative bacteria have a relatively thin cell wall consisting of a few layers of peptidoglycan surrounded by a second lipid membrane containing lipopolysaccharides and lipoproteins.

In Halobacterium, the proteins in the Cell wall have a high content of acidic amino acids, giving the Cell wall an overall negative charge.