12 Facts About Chondroitin sulfate

Chondroitin sulfate is a sulfated glycosaminoglycan composed of a chain of alternating sugars .

Chondroitin sulfate is an important structural component of cartilage, and provides much of its resistance to compression.

Chondroitin sulfate is used in dietary supplements as an alternative medicine to treat osteoarthritis.

Chondroitin sulfate has shown to be promising in the treatment of Coronary artery disease.

Chondroitin sulfate chains are unbranched polysaccharides of variable length containing two alternating monosaccharides: D-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine .

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Chondroitin sulfate is sourced from natural products, with high variability in terms of chain length and sulfation pattern.

The variability in chondroitin sulfate composition extends to its origin, making it possible to differentiate between chondroitin sulfate from terrestrial and marine sources.

Furthermore, marine chondroitin sulfate chains tend to be longer, with molecular weight of up to 70 kDa in chondroitin sulfate from shark, while in terrestrial animals molecular weight is typically below 45 kDa.

Chondroitin sulfate chains are linked to hydroxyl groups on serine residues of certain proteins.

Chondroitin sulfate was originally isolated well before the structure was characterised, leading to changes in terminology with time.

In 2004, a petition was submitted to the FDA that a dietary supplement of chondroitin sulfate be labeled as reducing the risk of osteoarthritis, cartilage deterioration, and osteoarthritis-related joint pain, tenderness, and swelling.

In Europe, chondroitin sulfate formulations are approved as drugs with evidenced efficacy and safety demonstrated by clinical trials in people with osteoarthritis.