12 Facts About Clementina Black

Clementina Maria Black was an English writer, feminist and pioneering trade unionist, closely connected with Marxist and Fabian socialists.

Clementina Black worked for women's rights at work and for women's suffrage.

Clementina Black was born in Brighton, one of eight children of the solicitor, town clerk and coroner of Brighton, David Black, son of a naval architect to Czar Nicholas I of Russia, and his wife, Clara Maria Patten, daughter of a court portrait painter.

Clementina Black's siblings included the mathematician Arthur Black and the translator Constance Garnett.

Clementina Black made the acquaintance of Marxist and Fabian socialists, such as Olive Shreiner, Dollie Radford, and Richard Garnett of the British Museum.

Clementina Black became a friend of the Marx family, notably Eleanor Marx.

Clementina Black was involved over a long period with the problems of working-class women and the emerging trade union movement.

Clementina Black was among the organisers of the Bryant and May strike in 1888.

Clementina Black joined the National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies and the London Society of Women's Suffrage.

Clementina Black's others were non-political, the last, The Linleys of Bath, being among the most successful.

Clementina Black took into her home her niece Gertrude Speedwell, after the girl's father, Clementina's brother Arthur, had murdered his wife and son, then committed suicide.

Clementina Black died at her home in Barnes, Surrey on 19 December 1922 and was buried at East Sheen Cemetery, London.