1. Daniel Craig McCallum was a Scottish-born American railroad engineer, general manager of the New York and Erie Railroad and Union Brevet Major General of the United States Military Railroads during the American Civil War, known as one of the early pioneers of management.
Daniel McCallum set down a group of general principles of management, and is credited for having developed the first modern organizational chart.
Daniel McCallum did attend elementary school but did not want to follow his father's footsteps and become a tailor.
Daniel McCallum developed and in 1851 patented a new type of bridge, named the "McCallum Inflexible Arched Truss Bridge", which could withstand heavier loads and required less maintenance than previous designs.
Daniel McCallum described these new management principles and introduced the first modern organizational chart.
In 1858, Daniel McCallum resigned from the Erie Railroad and founded the Daniel McCallum Bridge Company.
Daniel McCallum remained in Washington during the war to oversee the "big picture" of USMRR operations, and especially coordinate deliveries of locomotives and other equipment with manufacturers.
Daniel McCallum received a brevet promotion to brigadier-general of volunteers for faithful and meritorious services on September 24,1864, and his authority was extended to the Western Theater and to support Sherman's Atlanta Campaign.
Daniel McCallum received another promotion to major general in 1865.
In July 1866 Daniel McCallum was mustered out of the service and published a report on the military railroads during the war.
Daniel McCallum himself died in Brooklyn, New York, on December 27,1878.
Daniel McCallum was an architect in Rochester from 1840, and for a few subsequent years.
Daniel McCallum was an accomplished architect and held a high position in his profession.
Daniel McCallum did much to improve the general architecture of the city.
Late 1840s Daniel McCallum developed a specific truss bridge construction for the railroad bridges, called Daniel McCallum inflexible arched truss.
Daniel McCallum specialized in railroad bridges, which they build in the Western and Southern States.
Daniel McCallum postulated that this was caused by the inefficient internal organization.
Daniel McCallum presented the following general principles for the formation of such an efficient system of operations, reprinted in Vose.
On 11 February 1862, McCallum was appointed military director and superintendent of the Union railroads, with the staff rank of colonel, by Edwin M Stanton, the Secretary of War.
At the time that Daniel McCallum assumed his duties, the seven-mile road from Washington to Alexandria, Virginia, was the only railroad in federal government control.
In 1865 Daniel McCallum participated in the organization of the Funeral and burial of Abraham Lincoln.
Daniel McCallum was brevetted brigadier-general of volunteers "for faithful and meritorious services," September 24,1864, and Major General, March 13,1865.
The National Cyclopedia of American Biography confirmed, that the inflexible arched truss introduced by Daniel McCallum has probably been in more general use in the United States than any other system of timber bridges.
Daniel McCallum continued to construct bridges during the Civil War, but the type of bridge fell out of favor.
Nowadays the only remaining example in the world of the Daniel McCallum truss is the Percy Covered Bridge, ironically an automobile and footbridge.