15 Facts About Decretum Gratiani

Decretum Gratiani, known as the Concordia discordantium canonum or Concordantia discordantium canonum or simply as the Decretum, is a collection of canon law compiled and written in the 12th century as a legal textbook by the jurist known as Gratian.

Decretum Gratiani did this to obviate the difficulties which beset the study and the forensic application of practical, external theology, i e, the study and the forensic use of canon law.

In spite of its great reputation and wide diffusion, the Decretum Gratiani has never been recognized by the Church as an official collection.

So-called vulgata or vulgate version of the Decretum Gratiani is divided into three parts (ministeria, negotia, sacramenta).

Decretum Gratiani is cited by referring to the larger units of the distinction or the cause and question, and then the specific canon or dictum.

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Citation styles for the Decretum Gratiani have changed over time and can generally be categorised under the modern, obsolescent, and obsolete forms.

Decretum Gratiani flourished in the second quarter of the twelfth century.

Decretum Gratiani is sometimes incorrectly referred to as Franciscus Gratianus, Johannes Gratian, or Giovanni Graziano.

Decretum Gratiani was said to have become a monk at Camaldoli and then taught at the monastery of St Felix in Bologna and devoted his life to studying theology and canon law, but contemporary scholars do not attach credibility to these traditions.

However, from the first editorial stages of the Decretum Gratiani it is clear that Gratian had little knowledge of Roman law and that he had a great sense of depth in the disputes dealt with in the ecclesiastical seats, especially in the appeal judgments dealt with in the Roman curia.

Decretum Gratiani has long been acclaimed as Pater Juris Canonici, a title he shares with his successor St Raymond of Penyafort.

The Decretum Gratiani quickly became the standard textbook for students of canon law throughout Europe, but it never received any formal, official recognition by the papacy.

Decretum Gratiani has argued that the second recension was due not to the original author of the first recension, but rather another jurist versed in Roman law.

Decretum Gratiani served as a model for 12th-century jurists in the formation of Western law, based on rational rules and evidence to replace barbaric laws which often involved trial by ordeal or battle.

Decretum Gratiani has been called "the first comprehensive and systematic legal treatise in the history of the West, and perhaps in the history of mankind – if by 'comprehensive' is meant the attempt to embrace virtually the entire law of a given polity, and if by 'systematic' is meant the express effort to codify that law as a single body, in which all parts are viewed as interacting to form a whole.