15 Facts About Francium

Francium is a chemical element with the symbol Fr and atomic number 87.

Francium was discovered by Marguerite Perey in France in 1939.

Francium-223 has a shorter half-life than the longest-lived isotope of each synthetic element up to and including element 105, dubnium.

Francium is an alkali metal whose chemical properties mostly resemble those of caesium.

Francium has a slightly higher ionization energy than caesium, 392.

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Francium should have a higher electron affinity than caesium and the Fr ion should be more polarizable than the Cs ion.

Francium perchlorate is produced by the reaction of francium chloride and sodium perchlorate.

Francium halides are all soluble in water and are expected to be white solids.

Francium-223 is the most stable isotope, with a half-life of 21.

Francium-223 is a fifth product of the uranium-235 decay series as a daughter isotope of actinium-227; thorium-227 is the more common daughter.

Francium then published a thesis on his predictions of the properties of eka-caesium, in which he named the element russium after his home country.

Francium was the last element discovered in nature, rather than synthesized, following hafnium and rhenium.

Francium can be synthesized by a fusion reaction when a gold-197 target is bombarded with a beam of oxygen-18 atoms from a linear accelerator in a process originally developed at the physics department of the State University of New York at Stony Brook in 1995.

Francium atoms leave the gold target as ions, which are neutralized by collision with yttrium and then isolated in a magneto-optical trap in a gaseous unconsolidated state.

Francium has not been synthesized in amounts large enough to weigh.