Guadalupe Victoria, born Jose Miguel Ramon Adaucto Fernandez y Felix, was a Mexican general and political leader who fought for independence against the Spanish Empire in the Mexican War of Independence.
43 Facts About Guadalupe Victoria
2.
Guadalupe Victoria was a deputy in the Mexican Chamber of Deputies for Durango and a member of the Supreme Executive Power following the downfall of the First Mexican Empire.
3.
Guadalupe Victoria founded the National Museum, promoted education, and ratified the border with the United States of America.
4.
Guadalupe Victoria decreed the expulsion of the Spaniards remaining in the country and defeated the last Spanish stronghold in the castle of San Juan de Ulua.
5.
Guadalupe Victoria was the only president to complete his full term in more than 30 years of an independent Mexico.
6.
Guadalupe Victoria died in 1843 at the age of 56 from epilepsy in the fortress of Perote, where he was receiving medical treatment.
7.
Guadalupe Victoria was baptized by his paternal uncle Agustin Fernandez, at that time the priest of Tamazula, with whom he lived after being orphaned.
8.
Guadalupe Victoria studied under a tense atmosphere, because the school was militarized by a colonial order.
9.
Guadalupe Victoria participated in the assault on Oaxaca and joined the troops of Nicolas Bravo in Veracruz.
10.
Guadalupe Victoria dedicated himself and his troops to controlling the passage of El Puente del Rey and became famous for his successful attacks on military convoys until 1815, when he was defeated.
11.
In 1815, Guadalupe Victoria commanded insurgents in the region of Veracruz.
12.
Also in 1816, when the new viceroy Juan Ruiz de Apodaca arrived at New Spain, Guadalupe Victoria attacked his convoy to Mexico City and came very close to capturing him.
13.
In late 1816, Guadalupe Victoria regained Nautla, defeating the royalist garrison.
14.
Guadalupe Victoria occupied Barra de Palmas, Barra Nueva and La Laguna.
15.
Guadalupe Victoria hid in the jungle, where he survived eating herbs, fruits and animals.
16.
Guadalupe Victoria refused to accept a pardon from the Viceroy for his actions and remained hidden in the jungles of Veracruz, where he developed epilepsy.
17.
Guadalupe Victoria spent almost four years hiding in the jungle.
18.
Guadalupe Victoria met with Agustin de Iturbide on 17 June 1821 in San Juan del Rio and asked him to adopt the Plan of Iguala to create a republican government.
19.
Guadalupe Victoria recommended as ruler a former insurgent who was unmarried and had not accepted the pardon.
20.
Almost immediately, participants were released, with the exception of Guadalupe Victoria, who remained jailed, but who soon after escaped from prison and hid in Veracruz.
21.
Congress asked to review the case of Guadalupe Victoria, who had been elected deputy by Durango.
22.
Guadalupe Victoria was requested to present himself to congress, but he preferred to stay hidden.
23.
On 6 December 1822, Guadalupe Victoria came out of hiding to join the movement.
24.
Santa Anna again took advantage of the popularity of Guadalupe Victoria by encouraging people to join the cause.
25.
On 22 January 1823, Santa Anna reported to Guadalupe Victoria: I was attacked from all directions by the imperial forces.
26.
Guadalupe Victoria was escorted by General Nicolas Bravo as requested by the former emperor.
27.
Guadalupe Victoria took office as interim president from 10 October 1824 to 31 March 1825.
28.
The government of Guadalupe Victoria was hampered by severe financial problems.
29.
Guadalupe Victoria facilitated the activities of the Lancasterian Society, which was dedicated to education, and he created the naval force that enabled his greatest achievement: the complete independence of Mexico, when on 18 November 1825, general Miguel Barragan took the last Spanish stronghold, the fortress of San Juan de Ulua in Veracruz.
30.
Guadalupe Victoria tried to apply policies that would attract different sides and formed his cabinet with prominent members of the different factions.
31.
Guadalupe Victoria faced the contradiction of religious intolerance against freedom of speech and press, which were declared in the Constitution, and which he scrupulously observed.
32.
Guadalupe Victoria delivered the presidency to him when his term ended on 1 April 1829.
33.
One of the main goals of Guadalupe Victoria was recognition of Mexico as an independent nation by the principal foreign powers.
34.
Guadalupe Victoria finally got that recognition following the establishment of diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom, the United States of America, the Federal Republic of Central America, and Gran Colombia.
35.
Guadalupe Victoria declared that no proposals would be heard from Spain until it recognized Mexican independence and the form of government established and agreed to, and never ask for indemnification for the loss of Mexico.
36.
Guadalupe Victoria provided financial assistance to Simon Bolivar to help obtain Peru's total independence from Spain.
37.
When Guadalupe Victoria gave the presidency to his successor, Vicente Guerrero, he said:.
38.
Guadalupe Victoria returned to the Senate and in 1835 was elected president of the Senate.
39.
Guadalupe Victoria undertook a vigorous fight against a proposal that sought to change the federal republic to a centralized republic.
40.
Guadalupe Victoria moved to the Castle of Perote to receive medical treatment.
41.
Guadalupe Victoria died there on 21 March 1843, where by he was buried.
42.
Guadalupe Victoria was declared by Congress Benemerito de la Patria on 25 August 1843, and his name was written in golden letters in the session hall of the Chamber of Deputies.
43.
Guadalupe Victoria is considered a national hero, and there are many monuments, statues, schools, hospitals, libraries, cities, towns, streets, and other places named after him in Mexico.