1. Sayyid Baha al-Din Haydar, Haydar al-'Obaidi al-Hossayni Amuli, Sayyed Haydar Amoli, or Mir Haydar Amoli a Shi'ite mystic and a Sufi philosopher, was an early representative of Persian mystic philosophy and one of the most distinguished commentators of the mystic philosopher Ibn Arabi, during the 14th century.
Haydar Amuli belongs to the Hussayni Sayyid family and hails from the town of Amol, in Mazandaran, located in the north of present-day Iran, close to the Caspian Sea.
Haydar Amuli first began his studies in his home town of Amul.
Haydar Amuli eventually moved on to the town of Astarabad, located near Mazandaran, and then Isfahan, located in the centre of Iran.
Haydar Amuli abandoned the courtly life, a couple of years before Hasan II was assassinated by members of his own family.
Haydar Amuli spent a little less than a month in his company before going on to wear the symbolic Sufi cloak or khirqa.
Unfortunately, due to ill health, Haydar Amuli had to leave Medina.
Haydar Amuli believed that every Shi'ite was "a believer put to the test", a central Sufi belief.
Haydar Amuli implemented and further explained the differences between pure monotheism and the inner aspect.
Haydar Amuli metaphorically explained the idea of the inner and outward aspects as ink and the letters that are produced by that ink.
Haydar Amuli meant that the physical world is only a manifestation of God's divine names.
Haydar Amuli specifically believed that 'Ali was the seal of the universal walaya and Mohammadan walaya is, for Haydar Amuli, the Mahdi.
Haydar Amuli is not the only Imamite thinker to incorporate the writings of Ibn 'Arabi and his followers.