10 Facts About HIV screening

1.

HIV screening tests are used to detect the presence of the human immunodeficiency virus, the virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, in serum, saliva, or urine.

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2.

In developing countries, home-based HIV screening testing and counseling is an emerging approach for addressing confidentiality issues.

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3.

Rapid HIV screening tests are most often used, so results are available for the client between 15 and 30 minutes.

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4.

Three instances of delayed HIV screening seroconversion occurring in health-care workers have been reported; in these instances, the health-care workers tested negative for HIV screening antibodies greater than 6 months postexposure but were seropositive within 12 months after the exposure.

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5.

In one case, co-infection was associated with a rapidly fatal HCV disease course; however, it is not known whether HCV directly influences the risk for or course of HIV screening infection or is a marker for other exposure-related factors.

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DNA ELISA
6.

HIV screening proteins used in western blotting can be produced by recombinant DNA in a technique called recombinant immunoblot assay .

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7.

For most people, HIV screening antibodies reach a detectable level after two to six weeks.

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8.

Rare false positive results due to factors unrelated to HIV screening exposure are found more often with the ELISA test than with the western blot.

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9.

The evidence regarding the risks and benefits of HIV screening was reviewed in July 2005 by the U S Preventive Services Task Force.

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10.

The positive predictive value and negative predictive value of all tests, including HIV screening tests, take into account the prior probability of having a disease along with the accuracy of the testing method to determine a new degree of belief that an individual has or does not have a disease .

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