GMA line of GPUs replaces the earlier Intel Extreme Graphics, and the Intel740 line, the latter of which was a discrete unit in the form of AGP and PCI cards with technology that evolved from companies Real3D and Lockheed Martin.
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Original architecture of Intel GMA systems supported only a few functions in hardware, and relied on the host CPU to handle at least some of the graphics pipeline, further decreasing performance.
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The 4th generation of Intel GMA combines fixed function capabilities with a threaded array of programmable executions units, providing advantages to both graphics and video performance.
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Many of the advantages of the new Intel GMA architecture come from the ability to flexibly switch as needed between executing graphics-related tasks or video-related tasks.
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The Intel GMA X3000's underlying 3D rendering hardware is organized as a unified shader processor consisting of 8 scalar execution units.
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Intel GMA X3500 is an upgrade of the Intel GMA X3000 and used in the desktop G35.
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The Intel GMA X4500 is used in G43 chipset and the Intel GMA X4500HD is used in the G45 chipset.
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The Intel GMA X4500 is used in the G41 chipset, which was released in September 2008.
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The Intel GMA 4500MHD is used in the GL40, GS40, GM45 and GS45 chipsets.
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Intel GMA developed a new set of low power graphics architecture based on PowerVR.
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Intel GMA launched the Atom Z24xx platform as a series of ultra-low power processors for smartphones.
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In January 2008, Intel GMA released the complete developer documentation for their, at the time, latest chipsets, allowing for further external developers' involvement.
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The Intel GMA 900 is the first Intel integrated GPU not to have support or drivers for Windows 9x operating systems.
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Intel GMA announced in March 2007 that beta drivers would be available in June 2007.
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Intel GMA has released production version drivers for 32-bit and 64-bit Windows Vista that enable the Aero graphics.
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Intel GMA introduced DirectX 10 for the X3100 and X3500 GPUs in the Vista 15.
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Performance and functionality of Intel GMA processors are limited, attaining the performance of only low-cost discrete GPUs at best and very old DirectX 6 GPUs at the worst.
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The Intel GMA X3x00's unified shader design allows for more complete hardware functionality, but the line still has issues with some games and has significantly limited performance.
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Review conducted in April 2007 by The Tech Report determined that the Intel GMA X3000 had performance comparable to the Nvidia GeForce 6150.
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Reviews performed by The Tech Report, by ExtremeTech and by Anandtech all concluded that the AMD's Radeon X1250 integrated graphics solutions based on the AMD 690G chipset was a better choice than the Intel GMA X3000 based on the G965 chipset, especially when considering 3D gaming performance and price.
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