1. Jack Marshall entered Parliament in 1946 and was first promoted to Cabinet in 1951.
33 Facts About Jack Marshall
1. 2.
Jack Marshall was determined to remain as leader of the National Party, but in July 1974 was challenged for the leadership by Robert Muldoon, his deputy, rival and successor.
3.
Jack Marshall disliked the aggressive style of some politicians, preferring a calmer, less confrontational approach.
4.
Jack Marshall was a strong believer in pragmatism, and he disliked what he considered populism in other politicians of his day.
5.
Jack Marshall grew up in Wellington, Whangarei, and Dunedin, attending Whangarei Boys' High School and Otago Boys' High School.
6.
Jack Marshall was noted for his ability at sports, particularly rugby.
7.
Jack Marshall was deeply involved with the Presbyterian Church, serving for a time as president of the New Zealand Bible Society.
8.
In 1941, during World War II, Jack Marshall joined the New Zealand Military Forces, and received officer training.
9.
On 29 July 1944, while on leave in Perth, Western Australia, Jack Marshall married Jessie Margaret Livingston, a nurse.
10.
At the start of 1945, Jack Marshall was transferred to the Divisional Cavalry Battalion in Italy and participated in the battle of the Senio River and the liberation of Trieste.
11.
However, because Jack Marshall had taken on the case before his election, it was obvious that there had been no wrongdoing.
12.
Jack Marshall's political philosophy, which was well-defined at this stage, was a mixture of liberal and conservative values.
13.
Jack Marshall was elevated to Cabinet, taking the role of Minister of Statistics and having ministerial responsibility for the State Advances Corporation.
14.
When Holland became ill, Jack Marshall was part of the group that persuaded him to step down.
15.
Jack Marshall was later to admit that the crisis had been prompted by a failure to act by the National government.
16.
Increasingly, as time went on, Jack Marshall became overworked, with Holyoake giving him more and more cabinet responsibilities.
17.
Jack Marshall was most noted for his successful negotiating for continued access to Europe for New Zealand farming exports after Britain had joined the EEC.
18.
Jack Marshall was put under considerable pressure by ongoing labour disputes, which he took a significant role in resolving.
19.
Jack Marshall was keen to reorganise the government, believing that it had become stagnated and inflexible.
20.
Jack Marshall made the choice to not separate the shadow cabinet from the rest of the caucus to encourage party unity.
21.
Jack Marshall made minimal changes to his portfolio allocations from February 1972 to highlight National's experience and stability, contrasting from the comparative inexperience of the new Labour Government.
22.
On 4 July 1974, Jack Marshall was informed that a leadership challenge from his own deputy, Muldoon, was imminent.
23.
Aware that much of his support had drained away, Jack Marshall resigned, leaving Muldoon to take the leadership unopposed.
24.
Jack Marshall's decline was primarily the result of his inability to damage the highly popular Kirk; Jack Marshall's quiet, understated style did not fit well with the aggressive tactics required of an opposition party seeking to return to government.
25.
Jack Marshall decided to retire from parliament at the 1975 election.
26.
Jack Marshall remained active in the National Party organisation, and was highly respected for his many years of service.
27.
Jack Marshall was initially reticent on his successors activities, though he became publicly more critical of Muldoon's aggressive personality with time.
28.
Jack Marshall wrote his memoirs which "pulled no punches" in his description of Muldoon and his 1974 leadership coup.
29.
Jack Marshall had first started writing the stories as a law student in his youth, but did not publish the first book until 1978.
30.
Jack Marshall was active in various charities and cultural organisations, including the New Zealand Chess Association, and was a founder of the New Zealand Portrait Gallery.
31.
Jack Marshall died in Snape, Suffolk, England, on 30 August 1988, en route to Budapest to give an address at the world conference of the United Bible Societies.
32.
Jack Marshall was survived by his wife and four children.
33.
In 1953, Jack Marshall was awarded the Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal, and in 1977 he received the Queen Elizabeth II Silver Jubilee Medal.