22 Facts About Jianwen Emperor

Zhu Biao died in 1392, after which the Hongwu Jianwen Emperor named Zhu Yunwen as his successor.

Jianwen Emperor abolished the Jianwen Emperor's reforms and declared him illegitimate, thus abolishing the Jianwen era and extending the era of Hongwu to 1402.

Jianwen Emperor was a mature and direct child, and was well-liked by the emperor.

Jianwen Emperor spent the next six years carefully preparing for his future role as emperor.

The Hongwu Jianwen Emperor had doubts about his grandson's ability to rule, as he believed him to lack toughness.

The era name of his reign, Jianwen Emperor, means "establishing civility" and represents a sharp change in tone from Hongwu, the era name of his grandfather's reign.

The Jianwen Emperor relied on Huang Zicheng, Qi Tai, and Fang Xiaoru to lead the government, discussing policies with them and overseeing their implementation by the ministries.

Jianwen Emperor strengthened the influence of Hanlin scholars in educating princes by creating new positions in the Household Administration of the Heir Apparent.

The Jianwen Emperor abolished the unfair tax system of the previous era, particularly the excessive taxes imposed on Jiangnan, specifically Suzhou and Songjiang prefectures.

The Jianwen government aimed to reduce the influence of the emperor's uncles, the sons of the Hongwu Emperor, especiall Zhu Di, Prince of Yan, Zhu Su, Prince of Zhou, Zhu Gui, Prince of Dai, Zhu Bo, Prince of Xiang, Zhu Fu, Prince of Qi, and Zhu Pian, Prince of Min.

The government forbade the princes from participating in public life, in direct contradiction to the laws of the late Hongwu Jianwen Emperor, which stated that they were to be the backbone of the throne at the head of the government's armies.

Jianwen Emperor was based in Beijing and had shown himself to be a capable military leader and energetic administrator during campaigns against the Mongols.

Jianwen Emperor accused the emperor and his ministers of persecuting the princes, who were falsely accused of preparing an uprising.

Jianwen Emperor presented his actions as a reasonable act of self-defense.

Jianwen Emperor stated that he had no interest in the throne, but as the eldest surviving son of the deceased founder of the dynasty, he felt obligated to restore the law and legality that had been subverted by the emperor's criminal advisers and ministers.

Jianwen Emperor disrupted the enemy's communications in southern Beijing and western Shandong through small raids from the autumn of 1400.

Jianwen Emperor denied legitimacy to his overthrown nephew, canceled his reforms, and attempted to erase them from history.

The Jianwen Emperor's followers were punished, and his closest advisers were executed.

Historians' views of the Jianwen Emperor were closely tied to their opinions of the legitimacy of the Yongle Emperor's rule.

The Jianwen Emperor's reforms were criticized for deviating from the principles of the dynasty's founder and were subsequently repealed.

Furthermore, the Yongle Jianwen Emperor fully restored the harsh laws of the Hongwu Jianwen Emperor that had been abolished by the emperor.

The official history of the Hongwu Jianwen Emperor's reign, known as Taizu Shilu, was compiled from 1399 to 1402, but was rewritten by 1403 and again between 1411 and 1418.