17 Facts About LDL cholesterol

LDL cholesterol is involved in atherosclerosis, a process in which it is oxidized within the walls of arteries.

Common clinical interpretation of blood lipid levels is that high LDL cholesterol is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases.

Each native LDL particle enables emulsification, i e surrounding the fatty acids being carried, enabling these fats to move around the body within the water outside cells.

Each LDL has a highly hydrophobic core consisting of polyunsaturated fatty acid known as linoleate and hundreds to thousands of esterified and unesterified cholesterol molecules.

Since LDL cholesterol particles contain a variable and changing number of fatty acid molecules, there is a distribution of LDL cholesterol particle mass and size.

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LDL cholesterol receptors are inserted into the plasma membrane and diffuse freely until they associate with clathrin-coated pits.

When LDL cholesterol receptors bind LDL cholesterol particles in the bloodstream, the clathrin-coated pits are endocytosed into the cell.

LDL cholesterol receptors are typically returned to the plasma membrane, where they repeat this cycle.

LDL cholesterol interfere with the quorum sensing system that upregulates genes required for invasive Staphylococcus aureus infection.

LDL can be grouped based on its size: large low density LDL particles are described as pattern A, and small high density LDL particles are pattern B Pattern B has been associated by some with a higher risk for coronary heart disease.

Pattern I, for intermediate, indicates that most LDL cholesterol particles are very close in size to the normal gaps in the endothelium.

Some evidence suggests the correlation between Pattern B and coronary heart disease is stronger than the correspondence between the LDL cholesterol number measured in the standard lipid profile test.

Oxidized LDL cholesterol is a general term for LDL cholesterol particles with oxidatively modified structural components.

Oxidized LDL cholesterol is known to associate with the development of atherosclerosis, and it is therefore widely studied as a potential risk factor of cardiovascular diseases.

In clinical context, mathematically calculated estimates of LDL cholesterol-C are commonly used as an estimate of how much low density lipoproteins are driving progression of atherosclerosis.

Direct LDL cholesterol measurements are available and better reveal individual issues but are less often promoted or done due to slightly higher costs and being available from only a couple of laboratories in the United States.

Study was conducted measuring the effects of guideline changes on LDL cholesterol reporting and control for diabetes visits in the US from 1995 to 2004.