21 Facts About Marianne Rauze

Marianne Rauze was a French journalist, feminist, socialist, pacifist and communist.

Marianne Rauze took the pseudonym "Marianne Rauze", formed from her first names, to protect her husband's career.

Madeleine Pelletier refused her invitation to this event, ostensibly because her stomach was very delicate, but probably because the young and beautiful Marianne Rauze was the type of woman that Pelletier detested.

Marianne Rauze argued against, saying working women would not be emancipated by the vote but by the economic independence that they would gain through the SFIO.

Marianne Rauze did agree that, although caused by economic conditions, "masculine arbitrariness" was an oppressive force.

Marianne Rauze founded the journal L'Equite in 1913, and contributed to many other journals.

Around the end of 1913, Marianne Rauze's husband was transferred to Chartres.

Marianne Rauze soon became pessimistic about the revolutionary potential of provincial women, and thought the GDFS should set up feminine groups to educate women in preparation for joining the SFIO.

Marianne Rauze visited Paris in February 1914 to argue for this change, but could not gain support from anyone but the sole remaining feminist on the GDFS executive, Marguerite Martin.

Later that spring, Marianne Rauze offered to make L'Equite, now a successful bi-weekly, the official organ of the GDFS.

Marianne Rauze was a member of Le Droit Humain, a Freemason society, and twice talked on feminism to her "Diderot" lodge in the first half of 1914.

Marianne Rauze was one of the contributors to La Voix des femmes, founded in 1917 by Louise Bodin and Colette Reynaud.

Marianne Rauze was widowed in November 1916 when her husband, Captain Leon Comignan, was killed by enemy fire at the Battle of the Somme, and remained a widow for the remainder of her life.

Marianne Rauze said that women's ability to give life was outside the control of a state, and women would never recognise borders.

Marianne Rauze founded a Ligue ouvriere feminine in April 1918.

In November 1918, when it was clear that the allies had won the war, Marianne Rauze began to argue that the time was near for a social revolution.

Marianne Rauze voted for the Third International at the SFIO's 17th congress in Strasbourg in February 1920.

From 1919 to 1923, Marianne Rauze was a member of the central committee of the Republican Veterans Association.

Marianne Rauze became an extreme pacifist, forming a "union against death" that had almost mystical beliefs bordering on anarchism, mysticism and Esperanto.

In 1954, Marianne Rauze-Comignan published Pour la paix universelle in which she said the feminine will must be collective, free of all male influence or authority.

Marianne Rauze died in Perpignan, Pyrenees-Orientales on 23 October 1964 aged 89.