13 Facts About Motor control

Motor control is the regulation of movement in organisms that possess a nervous system.

All organisms face the computational challenges above, so neural circuits for motor control have been studied in humans, monkeys, horses, cats, mice, fish lamprey, flies, locusts, and nematodes, among many others.

Feedback control is a situated form of motor control, relying on sensory information about performance and specific sensory input from the environment in which the movement is carried out.

Open loop control is a feed forward form of motor control, and is used to control rapid, ballistic movements that end before any sensory information can be processed.

Core motor control issue is coordinating the various components of the motor system to act in unison to produce movement.

Motor control synergy is a neural organization of a multi-element system that organizes sharing of a task among a set of elemental variables; and ensures co-variation among elemental variables with the purpose to stabilize performance variables.

Motor control programs are executed in an open-loop manner, although sensory information is most likely used to sense the current state of the organism and determine the appropriate goals.

Motor control observed that the redundancy of the motor system made it possible to execute actions and movements in a multitude of different ways while achieving equivalent outcomes.

Model based and representational Motor control strategies are those that rely on accurate internal models of the environment, constructed from a combination of perceptual information and prior knowledge, as the primary source information for planning and executing actions, even in the absence of perceptual information.

Forward models are a predictive internal model of motor control that takes the available perceptual information, combined with a particular motor program, and tries to predict the outcome of the planned motor movement.

Motor control movements seem to follow predefined "plans" that preserve certain invariant features of the movement.

Informational Motor control strategies organize movements and actions based on perceptual information about the environment, rather than on cognitive models or representations of the world.

Optimal Motor control theory was used to further extend the model based on signal-dependent noise, where the CNS optimizes an objective function that consists of a term related to accuracy and additionally a term related to metabolic cost of movement.