18 Facts About Nitrogen

Nitrogen is the chemical element with the symbol N and atomic number 7.

Nitrogen is a nonmetal and the lightest member of group 15 of the periodic table, often called the pnictogens.

Nitrogen occurs in all organisms, primarily in amino acids, in the nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) and in the energy transfer molecule adenosine triphosphate.

Nitrogen is a constituent of every major pharmacological drug class, including antibiotics.

Nitrogen compounds have a very long history, ammonium chloride having been known to Herodotus.

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Nitrogen was studied at about the same time by Carl Wilhelm Scheele, Henry Cavendish, and Joseph Priestley, who referred to it as burnt air or phlogisticated air.

Nitrogen has two stable isotopes: N and N The first is much more common, making up 99.

Nitrogen trifluoride is a colourless and odourless gas that is thermodynamically stable, and most readily produced by the electrolysis of molten ammonium fluoride dissolved in anhydrous hydrogen fluoride.

Nitrogen trichloride is a dense, volatile, and explosive liquid whose physical properties are similar to those of carbon tetrachloride, although one difference is that NCl3 is easily hydrolysed by water while CCl4 is not.

Nitrogen triiodide is still more unstable and was only prepared in 1990.

Nitrogen is one of the most important elements in organic chemistry.

Nitrogen is the most common pure element in the earth, making up 78.

Nitrogen gas is an industrial gas produced by the fractional distillation of liquid air, or by mechanical means using gaseous air.

Nitrogen is commonly used during sample preparation in chemical analysis.

Nitrogen can be used as a replacement, or in combination with, carbon dioxide to pressurise kegs of some beers, particularly stouts and British ales, due to the smaller bubbles it produces, which makes the dispensed beer smoother and headier.

Nitrogen tanks are replacing carbon dioxide as the main power source for paintball guns.

Nitrogen must be kept at higher pressure than CO2, making N2 tanks heavier and more expensive.

Nitrogen gas, formed from the decomposition of sodium azide, is used for the inflation of airbags.