26 Facts About Non-declarative memory

In psychology, implicit memory is one of the two main types of long-term human memory.

One of its most common forms is procedural Non-declarative memory, which allows people to perform certain tasks without conscious awareness of these previous experiences; for example, remembering how to tie one's shoes or ride a bicycle without consciously thinking about those activities.

Evidence for implicit Non-declarative memory arises in priming, a process whereby subjects are measured by how they have improved their performance on tasks for which they have been subconsciously prepared.

Implicit Non-declarative memory leads to the illusory truth effect, which suggests that subjects are more likely to rate as true those statements that they have already heard, regardless of their truthfulness.

Unconscious influences of Non-declarative memory were found to alter the subjective experiences of participants.

Related searches

Much Non-declarative memory study focuses on associative Non-declarative memory, or memories formed between two entities, linking them together in the brain.

Some clues as to the anatomical basis of implicit Non-declarative memory have emanated from recent studies comparing different forms of dementia.

However, amnesic patients are usually the exception to developing Non-declarative memory, but are still capable of undergoing priming, to some extent.

Since procedural Non-declarative memory is based on automatic responses to certain stimuli, amnesic patients are not affected by their disability when behaving habitually.

Discovery of implicit Non-declarative memory was made by Warrington and Weiskrantz who studied with priming experiments patients affected by Korsakov's amnesia, in which the structures of explicit Non-declarative memory are damaged.

The second is elaboration, which is a conscious Non-declarative memory used to encode explicit memories that involves activation, but creating new relationships amongst existing memories.

Progress in identifying the structures and connections that make up the medial temporal lobe Non-declarative memory system has been paralleled by gains in understanding how this system participates in Non-declarative memory functions.

The implication was that Non-declarative memory is not a single entity but consists of multiple processes or systems.

However, Non-declarative memory can be used as a tool to perceive and interpret present events.

When used as a tool, the use of a Non-declarative memory is unconscious because the focus is not on the past, but on the present that is being aided by the past Non-declarative memory.

Procedural Non-declarative memory lets us perform some actions even if we are not consciously thinking about it.

The study showed that “declarative Non-declarative memory was more associated with the rules and syntactic meaning of the words in the early language acquisition process” whereas, procedural Non-declarative memory was associated with the latter stages.

Evidence strongly suggests that implicit Non-declarative memory is largely distinct from explicit Non-declarative memory and operates through a different process in the brain.

That priming occurs without the involvement of explicit Non-declarative memory again suggests that the two types of Non-declarative memory have different functions in the brain.

Tradition of work with amnesic patients explains why the idea of multiple Non-declarative memory systems led naturally to a consideration of what kind of Non-declarative memory depends on the integrity of the brain structures, including hippocampus, that are damaged in amnesia.

The sections that follow suggest that the findings from humans and experimental animals, including rats and monkeys, are now in substantial agreement about the kind of Non-declarative memory that depends specifically on the hippocampus and related structures.

Neural components of Non-declarative memory have demonstrated to be extensive in its operating characteristics.

Basic patterns that exist for explicit Non-declarative memory development do not apply to implicit Non-declarative memory, implying that the two are two different processes.

Neuropsychology has used imaging techniques such as PET and MRI to study brain-injured patients, and has shown that explicit Non-declarative memory relies on the integrity of the medial temporal lobe, the frontal–basal areas and the bilateral functionality of the hippocampus.

When implicit Non-declarative memory was tested through flashing words on a screen and asking subjects to identify them the priming effect was extremely similar for the words that involved elaborative processing as compared to the words that did not.

Related searches

One of the key findings from the foregoing research that implies a fundamental difference between implicit and explicit Non-declarative memory is provided by studies that have examined the effects of elaborative processing on these two forms of Non-declarative memory.