21 Facts About Open science

Open science is the movement to make scientific research and its dissemination accessible to all levels of society, amateur or professional.

Open science is transparent and accessible knowledge that is shared and developed through collaborative networks.

Open science can be seen as a continuation of, rather than a revolution in, practices begun in the 17th century with the advent of the academic journal, when the societal demand for access to scientific knowledge reached a point at which it became necessary for groups of scientists to share resources with each other.

Proponents of open science identify a number of barriers that impede or dissuade the broad dissemination of scientific data.

The infrastructure school is tied closely with the notion of "cyberOpen science", which describes the trend of applying information and communication technologies to scientific research, which has led to an amicable development of the infrastructure school.

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Hence, the authors argue, that any discourse about Open Science is pivoted around developing a robust measure of scientific impact in the digital age.

Proponents argue that science could be optimized by modularizing the process and opening up the scientific value chain.

Further, citizen Open science is seen as a form of collaboration that includes knowledge and information from non-scientists.

Debates over priority are inherent in systems where science is not published openly, and this was problematic for scientists who wanted to benefit from priority.

Discussions of popular Open science writing most often contend their arguments around some type of "Science Boom".

The paper claims that any account of how popular Open science writing bridged the gap between the informed masses and the expert scientists must first consider who was considered a scientist to begin with.

Beyond its democratic virtues, open science aims to respond to the replication crisis of research results, notably through the generalization of the opening of data or source code used to produce them or through the dissemination of methodological articles.

The multistakeholder, consultative, inclusive and participatory process to define a new global normative instrument on Open Science is expected to take two years and to lead to the adoption of a UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science by Member States in 2021.

Arguments in favor of open science generally focus on the value of increased transparency in research, and in the public ownership of science, particularly that which is publicly funded.

Likewise, in 2017, a group of scholars known for advocating open science published a "manifesto" for open science in the journal Nature.

Increasingly the reproducibility of Open science is being questioned and for many papers or multiple fields of research was shown to be lacking.

Recent arguments in favor of Open Science have maintained that Open Science is a necessary tool to begin answering immensely complex questions, such as the neural basis of consciousness, or pandemics such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

Arguments against open science tend to focus on the advantages of data ownership and concerns about the misuse of data.

The Open science Knowledge Foundation is a global organization sharing large data catalogs, running face to face conferences, and supporting open source software projects.

Ideas of open science have been applied to recruitment with jobRxiv, a free and international job board that aims to mitigate imbalances in what different labs can afford to spend on hiring.

The motivation to start Socarxiv, an open-access preprint server for social science research, is the claim that valuable research being published in traditional venues often takes several months to years to get published, which slows down the process of science significantly.