23 Facts About Positive reinforcement

In behavioral psychology, reinforcement is a consequence applied that will strengthen an organism's future behavior whenever that behavior is preceded by a specific antecedent stimulus.

Negative Positive reinforcement is the practice of removing something negative from the space of the subject as a way to encourage the antecedent behavior from that subject.

However, there is negative Positive reinforcement, which is characterized by taking away an undesirable stimulus.

In most cases, the term "Positive reinforcement" refers to an enhancement of behavior, but this term is sometimes used to denote an enhancement of memory; for example, "post-training Positive reinforcement" refers to the provision of a stimulus after a learning session in an attempt to increase the retained breadth, detail, and duration of the individual memories or overall memory just formed.

Study of Positive reinforcement has produced an enormous body of reproducible experimental results.

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Laboratory research on Positive reinforcement is usually dated from the work of Edward Thorndike, known for his experiments with cats escaping from puzzle boxes.

Positive reinforcement occurs when a desirable event or stimulus is presented as a consequence of a behavior and the chance that this behavior will manifest in similar environments increases.

Negative Positive reinforcement occurs when the rate of a behavior increases because an aversive event or stimulus is removed or prevented from happening.

Much behavior is not reinforced every time it is emitted, and the pattern of intermittent Positive reinforcement strongly affects how fast an operant response is learned, what its rate is at any given time, and how long it continues when Positive reinforcement ceases.

The simplest rules controlling Positive reinforcement are continuous Positive reinforcement, where every response is reinforced, and extinction, where no response is reinforced.

Between these extremes, more complex "schedules of Positive reinforcement" specify the rules that determine how and when a response will be followed by a reinforcer.

Specific schedules of Positive reinforcement reliably induce specific patterns of response, irrespective of the species being investigated.

Psychology term superimposed schedules of Positive reinforcement refers to a structure of rewards where two or more simple schedules of Positive reinforcement operate simultaneously.

Likewise, interval schedules can deliver Positive reinforcement following fixed or variable intervals of time following a single response by the organism.

Concurrent schedules of Positive reinforcement can be thought of as "or" schedules, and superimposed schedules of Positive reinforcement can be thought of as "and" schedules.

In operant conditioning, concurrent schedules of Positive reinforcement are schedules of Positive reinforcement that are simultaneously available to an animal subject or human participant, so that the subject or participant can respond on either schedule.

The schedules of Positive reinforcement arranged for pecks on the two keys can be different.

However, the correct usage of Positive reinforcement is that something is a reinforcer because of its effect on behavior, and not the other way around.

Positive reinforcement did not use it, as it is today, for selecting and strengthening new behaviors.

In popular use, positive reinforcement is often used as a synonym for reward, with people thus being "reinforced", but this is contrary to the term's consistent technical usage, as it is a dimension of behavior, and not the person, which is strengthened.

Negative Positive reinforcement is often used by laypeople and even social scientists outside psychology as a synonym for punishment.

Slots machines, and thus variable ratio Positive reinforcement, have often been blamed as a factor underlying gambling addiction.

An alternative to traditional pay for performance incentive schemes that is rooted in reinforcement theory, known as the O B Mod Approach, has been proposed as a practical approach to managing the performance-related behaviors of an organization's members.