21 Facts About Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common encapsulated, gram-negative, aerobic–facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium that can cause disease in plants and animals, including humans.

Species name Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Latin word meaning verdigris, referring to the blue-green color of laboratory cultures of the species.

Population of P aeruginosa can be classified in three main lineages, genetically characterised by the model strains PAO1, PA14, and the more divergent PA7.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a facultative anaerobe, as it is well adapted to proliferate in conditions of partial or total oxygen depletion.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa can be spread by equipment that gets contaminated and is not properly cleaned or on the hands of healthcare workers.

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common cause of postoperative infection in radial keratotomy surgery patients.

Comparative genomic analysis of 494 compete Pseudomonas genomes, including 189 complete P aeruginosa genomes, identified several proteins that are shared by the vast majority of P aeruginosa strains, but are not observed in other analyzed Pseudomonas genomes.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa uses the virulence factor exotoxin A to inactivate eukaryotic elongation factor 2 via ADP-ribosylation in the host cell, much as the diphtheria toxin does.

In higher plants, P aeruginosa induces soft rot, for example in Arabidopsis thaliana and Lactuca sativa .

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen with the ability to coordinate gene expression in order to compete against other species for nutrients or colonization.

Detection of these molecules indicates P aeruginosa is growing as biofilm within the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients.

The biofilm matrix of P aeruginosa is composed of nucleic acids, amino acids, carbohydrates, and various ions.

Recent studies have shown that the dispersed cells from P aeruginosa biofilms have lower cyclic di-GMP levels and different physiologies from those of planktonic and biofilm cells.

When P aeruginosa is isolated from a normally sterile site, it is generally considered dangerous, and almost always requires treatment.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium with unipolar motility.

Identification of P aeruginosa can be complicated by the fact individual isolates often lack motility.

In certain conditions, P aeruginosa can secrete a variety of pigments, including pyocyanin, pyoverdine, pyorubin, and pyomelanin .

Hypermutation favours the selection of mutation-driven antibiotic resistance in P aeruginosa strains producing chronic infections, whereas the clustering of several different antibiotic resistance genes in integrons favors the concerted acquisition of antibiotic resistance determinants.

Phage therapy against P aeruginosa has been investigated as a possible effective treatment, which can be combined with antibiotics, has no contraindications and minimal adverse effects.

Phage therapy against ear infections caused by P aeruginosa was reported in the journal Clinical Otolaryngology in August 2009.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been studied for use in bioremediation and use in processing polyethylene in municipal solid waste.