12 Facts About Purusha

Purusha is a complex concept whose meaning evolved in Vedic and Upanishadic times.

In early Vedas, Purusha was a cosmic being whose sacrifice by the gods created all life.

In Sankhya philosophy, Purusha is the plural immobile male cosmic principle, pure consciousness, unattached and unrelated to anything, which is “nonactive, unchanging, eternal, and pure”.

In Kashmir Shaivism, Purusha is enveloped in five sheaths of time, desire, restriction, knowledge and portion of time ; it is the universal Self under limitations as many individual Selfs.

Such pluralism and diversity of thought within Hinduism implies that the term Purusha is a complex term with diverse meanings.

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Purusha is the Universal Principle that is eternal, indestructible, without form, and all-pervasive.

Purusha Sukta is a later interpolation in the Rig Veda.

Abstract idea Purusha is extensively discussed in various Upanishads, and referred interchangeably as Paramatman and Brahman.

Splendid and without a bodily form is this Purusha, without and within, unborn, without life breath and without mind, higher than the supreme element.

The Purusha concept is explained with the concept of Prakrti in the Upanishads.

Purusha is the Universal principle that is unchanging, uncaused but is present everywhere and the reason why Prakrti changes, transforms and transcends all of the time and which is why there is cause and effect.

Rishi Angiras of the Atma Upanishad belonging to the Atharvaveda explains that Purusha, the dweller in the body, is three-fold: the Bahyatman which is born and dies; the Antaratman which comprehends the whole range of material phenomena, gross and subtle, with which the Jiva concerns himself, and the Paramatman which is all-pervading, unthinkable, indescribable, is without action and has no Samskaras.