1. Seferbiy Zaneqo, or Sefer Pasha, was a Circassian diplomat and military commander who served as the 5th leader of the Circassian Confederation from 1859 to 1860.
17 Facts About Seferbiy Zaneqo
1. 2.
Seferbiy Zaneqo took part in the Russo-Circassian War both in a military and a political capacity.
3.
Seferbiy Zaneqo descended from the Circassian noble family of Zan.
4.
In 1807, the fortress of Anapa was captured by Russian troops during the course of the Russo-Circassian War and Seferbiy Zaneqo was given as a hostage to the Russians by the local population.
5.
Seferbiy Zaneqo was then sent to Odessa, where he was educated in the Rishelevski Lyceum.
6.
Seferbiy Zaneqo became the deputy of Anapa governor Hajji Hassan Pasha, receiving the rank of colonel.
7.
Seferbiy Zaneqo remained in Odessa until the end of the war, and once freed he returned to Circassia, taking the role of an ambassador.
8.
Seferbiy Zaneqo proposed a strategy for the deputies, suggesting that leaders with influence over the populace should relocate with their subjects to the bay of Tsemez.
9.
Seferbiy Zaneqo's opinion was to use Sefer's influence to convince Circassians to surrender.
10.
Seferbiy Zaneqo encouraged them not to lose hope nor fall under Russian promises, and never to move to the northern bank of river Pshiz.
11.
Filipsonu, Seferbiy Zaneqo wrote: "We demand that all governments consider us a distinct people".
12.
Seferbiy Zaneqo then resettled to the Shapsykhua river, destroyed the port of Tuapse to prevent Amin's supporters from using it as a supply route and called for the latter's assassination.
13.
Seferbiy Zaneqo died in Shapsugh on 1 January 1860, oblivious to the change in Ottoman policy.
14.
Seferbiy Zaneqo designed the Circassian Flag, the national flag of Circassians.
15.
Seferbiy Zaneqo was appointed as the Ottoman governor of Circassia, receiving the honorary title of pasha.
16.
Seferbiy Zaneqo soon clashed with Mohammed Amin, when the latter refused to supply the Ottomans with recruits for fear that they will be pressed to fight outside of their homeland.
17.
In March 1855, troops loyal to Seferbiy Zaneqo clashed with Amin's supporters on the banks of the river Sebzh.