1. Sun Chuanfang was a Chinese warlord in the Zhili clique and protege of the "Jade Marshal" Wu Peifu.
17 Facts About Sun Chuanfang
1. 2.
Wang Yingkai, a rising officer in the Beiyang Army and protege of Yuan Shikai, the commander of the Beiyang Army, married Sun's sister, and Sun took advantage of his brother-in-law's position and joined a training camp in 1902.
3.
Sun Chuanfang eventually graduated from the sixth class of the Imperial Japanese Army Academy and returned to China in 1908.
4.
Sun Chuanfang passed the tests and became an officer of the Beiyang Army and later was recruited by Wang Zhanyuan to join the Zhili clique following the Xinhai Revolution, rising quickly through the ranks.
5.
Sun Chuanfang became the military governor of Fujian on 20 March 1923.
6.
In 1924, at the beginning of the First Jiangsu-Zhejiang War, Sun Chuanfang commanded the 4th Army in Fujian Province.
7.
Sun Chuanfang subsequently became the director-general of the Shanghai-Woosung port.
8.
Sun Chuanfang was rewarded with the military governorship of Zhejiang.
9.
Zhang Zongchang and Sun Chuanfang were now staring at each other over a battle line delineated only by Shanghai proper.
10.
Sun Chuanfang established his headquarters in Nanjing as military governor of Jiangsu on 25 November 1925.
11.
Sun Chuanfang's forces were decisively defeated twice and then were routed in the Battle of Lungtan, resulting in the collapse of his rule.
12.
Shanghai was captured by Communist labor unions allied with the National Revolutionary Army in March 1927 and Sun Chuanfang was forced to flee Nanjing.
13.
Sun Chuanfang briefly sought the support of Zhang Xueliang but, distrusting Zhang's motives, then fled to Dalian in the Japanese Kwantung Leased Territory.
14.
Sun Chuanfang participated in the Fengtian clique's Peking government until 1930, when he went into retirement after the Manchurian Incident of 1931.
15.
Sun Chuanfang relocated to the British concession of Tianjin, where he took the tonsure and announced his retirement from worldly affairs in favor of becoming a Buddhist monk.
16.
However, on 13 November 1935 Sun Chuanfang was assassinated in Tianjin by Shi Jianqiao, the daughter of Shi Congbin, who ten years earlier had been commander of units in Shandong.
17.
In October 1925, during the second war between the Zhili and Fengtian cliques, Shi Congbin had been captured by Sun Chuanfang, who had had him summarily decapitated and his head mounted on a pike.