15 Facts About Transplant rejection

Transplant rejection occurs when transplanted tissue is rejected by the recipient's immune system, which destroys the transplanted tissue.

Transplant rejection can be lessened by determining the molecular similitude between donor and recipient and by use of immunosuppressant drugs after transplant.

Transplant rejection can be classified into three types: hyperacute, acute, and chronic.

Hyperacute rejection is a form of rejection that manifests itself in the minutes to hours following transplantation.

Graft failure secondary to hyperacute rejection has significantly decreased in incidence as a result of improved pre-transplant screening for antibodies to donor tissues.

Acute rejection is a category of rejection that occurs on the timescale of weeks to months, with most episodes occurring within the first 3 months to 1 year after transplantation.

Acute cellular Transplant rejection occurs following direct allorecognition of mismatched donor MHC by cytotoxic T-cells that begin to secrete cytokines to recruit more lymphocytes as well as cause apoptosis or cell death directly.

Acute humoral Transplant rejection is a process usually initiated by indirect allorecognition arising from recipient helper T-cells.

Chronic rejection is an insidious form of rejection that leads to graft destruction over the course of months, but most often years after tissue transplantation.

Chronic Transplant rejection is generally thought of as being related to either vascular damage or parenchymal damage with subsequent fibrosis.

When examining chronic Transplant rejection, it is important to note that it has widely varied effects on different organs.

Therefore, chronic rejection explains long-term morbidity in most lung-transplant recipients, the median survival roughly 4.

One principal reason for transplant rejection is non-adherence to prescribed immunosuppressant regimens.

Diagnosis of acute Transplant rejection relies on clinical data—patient signs and symptoms but calls on laboratory data such as blood or even tissue biopsy.

Acute Transplant rejection is treated with one or several of a few strategies.