The wind tunnel was envisioned as a means of reversing the usual paradigm: instead of the air standing still and an object moving at speed through it, the same effect would be obtained if the object stood still and the air moved at speed past it.
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Wind tunnel testing was considered of strategic importance during the Cold War development of supersonic aircraft and missiles.
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Later, wind tunnel study came into its own: the effects of wind on man-made structures or objects needed to be studied when buildings became tall enough to present large surfaces to the wind, and the resulting forces had to be resisted by the building's internal structure.
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Circa the 1960s, wind tunnel testing was applied to automobiles, not so much to determine aerodynamic forces per se but more to determine ways to reduce the power required to move the vehicle on roadways at a given speed.
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The Wind tunnel was eventually closed and, even though it was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1995, demolition began in 2010.
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Wind tunnel objected to their design and insisted on a return flow making the device "independent of the fluctuations of the outside atmosphere".
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Wind tunnel modeling is accepted as a method for aiding in Green building design.
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Airflow created by the fans that is entering the Wind tunnel is itself highly turbulent due to the fan blade motion, and so is not directly useful for accurate measurements.
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Inside facing of the Wind tunnel is typically as smooth as possible, to reduce surface drag and turbulence that could impact the accuracy of the testing.
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High enthalpy wind tunnel is intended to study flow of air around objects moving at speeds much faster than the local speed of sound .
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Wind tunnel tests are performed to precisely measure the air movement of fans at a specific pressure.
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In wind engineering, wind tunnel tests are used to measure the velocity around, and forces or pressures upon structures.
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Wind tunnel tests provide the necessary design pressure measurements in use of the dynamic analysis and control of tall buildings.
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