1. Yevgeny Konstantinovich Zavoisky was a Soviet physicist known for discovery of electron paramagnetic resonance in 1944.
20 Facts About Yevgeny Zavoisky
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Yevgeny Zavoisky likely observed nuclear magnetic resonance in 1941, well before Felix Bloch and Edward Mills Purcell, but dismissed the results as not reproducible.
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Yevgeny Zavoisky was born in 1907 in Mohyliv-Podilskyi, a town in the south of Russian Empire.
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Yevgeny Zavoisky's father Konstantin Ivanovich was a military doctor and mother Elizaveta Nikolaevna was trained as a teacher.
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In 1926, Yevgeny Zavoisky entered the faculty of physics at Kazan University.
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Yevgeny Zavoisky was sent to Saint Petersburg to continue his studies and after returning to Kazan had worked in the laboratory of oscillations at Kazan University.
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Yevgeny Zavoisky started systematic studies on interaction of electromagnetic waves with matter in 1933.
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Yevgeny Zavoisky visited several laboratories in major Russian cities and found that the experimental techniques in this research field were undeveloped.
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Yevgeny Zavoisky was particularly dissatisfied with poor detection sensitivity and spent much effort on improving it using better detectors and electronic circuitry.
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Yevgeny Zavoisky was much interested in the pioneering results obtained by Isidor Isaac Rabi in 1938 on interaction of molecular beams with electromagnetic waves in a static magnetic field, that is nuclear magnetic resonance.
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Yevgeny Zavoisky had a sensitive enough detection system and managed to obtain the resonance signals.
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The doubts were dispersed when Yevgeny Zavoisky visited Moscow, assembled an EPR spectrometer from scratch and reproduced his results there.
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In 1945, Yevgeny Zavoisky defended his habilitation on the phenomenon of electron paramagnetic resonance.
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Yevgeny Zavoisky was a popular teacher who focused on demonstrations rather than theories.
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Yevgeny Zavoisky himself showed various cryogenic phenomena, such as hardening and shattering of matter upon freezing.
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Yevgeny Zavoisky demonstrated interference of polarized light in a biaxial crystal that resulted in an encircled swastika-like image projected onto the screen in front of a large audience.
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In 1947, upon invitation from Igor Kurchatov, Yevgeny Zavoisky moved from Kazan to Moscow, to work in the institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union which later became the Institute of Atomic Energy.
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Yevgeny Zavoisky was then moved to the classified location Arzamas-16 and participated in the Soviet atomic bomb project.
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Yevgeny Zavoisky was awarded the Stalin Prize, the Lenin Prize and Hero of Socialist Labour, as well as two Orders of Lenin.
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Yevgeny Zavoisky received 35 nominations for the Nobel Prize between 1958 and 1970, of which 33 were in Physics and 2 in Chemistry.