Abu'l Hasan Yamin ud-Din Khusrau, better known as Amir Khusrau was an Indo-Persian Sufi singer, musician, poet and scholar who lived under the Delhi Sultanate.
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Abu'l Hasan Yamin ud-Din Khusrau, better known as Amir Khusrau was an Indo-Persian Sufi singer, musician, poet and scholar who lived under the Delhi Sultanate.
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Amir Khusrau is an iconic figure in the cultural history of the Indian subcontinent.
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Amir Khusrau was an expert in many styles of Persian poetry which were developed in medieval Persia, from Khaqani's qasidas to Nizami's khamsa.
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Amir Khusrau used 11 metrical schemes with 35 distinct divisions.
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Amir Khusrau wrote in many verse forms including ghazal, masnavi, qata, rubai, do-baiti and tarkib-band.
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Amir Khusrau was born in 1253 in Patiyali, Kasganj district, in modern-day Uttar Pradesh, India, in what was then the Delhi Sultanate, the son of Amir Saif ud-Din Mahmud, a man of Turkic extraction and Bibi Daulat Naz, a native Indian mother.
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Amir Khusrau grew up in Kesh, a small town near Samarkand in what is Uzbekistan.
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Amir Khusrau started learning and writing poetry at the age of nine.
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In 1273, when Amir Khusrau was 20 years old, his grandfather, who was reportedly 113 years old, died.
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In 1277 Bughra Khan was then appointed ruler of Bengal, and Amir Khusrau visited him in 1279 while writing his second divan, Wast ul-Hayat.
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Amir Khusrau remained in Qaiqabad's service for two years, from 1287 to 1288.
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In 1288 Amir Khusrau finished his first masnavi, Qiran us-Sa'dain, which was about Bughra Khan meeting his son Muiz ud-Din Qaiqabad after a long enmity.
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In 1290 Amir Khusrau completed his second masnavi, Miftah ul-Futuh, in praise of Jalal ud-Din Firuz's victories.
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In 1294 Amir Khusrau completed his third divan, Ghurrat ul-Kamaal, which consisted of poems composed between the ages of 34 and 41.
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Amir Khusrau wrote the Khaza'in ul-Futuh recording Ala ud-Din's construction works, wars and administrative services.
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Amir Khusrau then composed a khamsa with five masnavis, known as Khamsa-e-Khusrau, completing it in 1298.
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In 1310 Amir Khusrau became a disciple of Sufi saint of the Chishti Order, Nizamuddin Auliya.
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In 1315, Amir Khusrau completed the romantic masnavi Duval Rani - Khizr Khan, about the marriage of the Vaghela princess Duval Rani to Khizr Khan, one of Ala ud-Din Khalji's sons.
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Amir Khusrau wrote a masnavi on Mubarak Shah Khalji called Nuh Sipihr, which described the events of Mubarak Shah Khalji's reign.
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Amir Khusrau classified his poetry in nine chapters, each part of which is considered a "sky".
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Amir Khusrau wrote another book during Mubarak Shah Khalji's reign by name of Ijaz-e-Khusravi, which consisted of five volumes.
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In 1321 Amir Khusrau began to write a historic masnavi named Tughlaq Nama about the reign of Ghiyath al-Din Tughlaq and that of other Tughlaq rulers.
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Amir Khusrau's tomb is next to that of his spiritual master in the Nizamuddin Dargah in Delhi.
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True, Amir Khusrau had before him the example of Nirgit songs using susk-aksaras and pat-aksaras.
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Amir Khusrau introduced two innovations in this form of vocal music.
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Amir Khusrau hid and listened to Gopal Naik for six days, and on the seventh day, he reproduced Naik's rendition using meaningless words thus creating the tarana style.
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Amir Khusrau rechristened the 3 stringed Tritantri Veena as a Setar, which eventually became known as the sitar.
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Amir Khusrau was a prolific classical poet associated with the royal courts of more than seven rulers of the Delhi Sultanate.
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Amir Khusrau wrote many playful riddles, songs and legends which have become a part of popular culture in South Asia.
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Amir Khusrau's riddles are one of the most popular forms of Hindavi poetry today.
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Amir Khusrau was portrayed by actor Bhawani Muzamil as a court poet of Alauddin Khalji in the 2018 Indian film Padmaavat by Sanjay Leela Bhansali.
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