Caroline Nichols Churchill was a Canadian-born writer and newspaper editor in the United States, best known as the editor of the Queen Bee, a feminist publication prominent during the Colorado Suffrage movement.
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29 Facts About Caroline Churchill
3.
Caroline Churchill's father was a prosperous tradesman who was nearly 50 at the time of her birth.
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4.
Caroline Churchill was mainly a self-taught learner who spent the long winters reading or sewing and mending for families in the nearby area.
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5.
Mr Caroline Churchill died in 1862, leaving her in poor health with a young daughter.
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6.
Caroline Churchill believed, as many physicians did at the time, that "outdoor life was the only means in which even fair health could be obtained, " and she and her daughter moved west to California to seek a milder climate.
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7.
In 1869, Caroline Churchill left her daughter with her sister and moved to California to seek a profession as a travel writer and a milder climate that might relieve her health problems.
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8.
Caroline Churchill's published works, Little Sheeves and Over the Purple Hills, or Sketches from Travel in California give illustrations of her experiences travel as an unaccompanied woman in the post-Civil War West.
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10.
Caroline Churchill began to understand the effectiveness, as well as importance, of direct political action.
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11.
Caroline Churchill worked to overturn an 1872 San Francisco bill that punished prostitutes but excluded any consequences for their male clientele.
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12.
Caroline Churchill wrote and presented a counter-bill that overturned the previous ruling page.
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13.
Caroline Churchill became well known in the area, and was offered a permanent position at The Pioneer by editor Emily Pitts-Stevens but turned down the job.
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14.
Caroline Churchill's works included essays, poems, and general sketches of the area.
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15.
Caroline Churchill consistently lectured on manners and morals, often relating to women's rights as citizens.
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16.
Caroline Churchill's writing reflected a belief that all peoples should have an equal opportunity to lead a life free from bodily harm and repression.
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17.
Caroline Churchill decided after her years of travel that she would permanently settle in California.
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18.
Caroline Churchill named her paper Colorado Antelope, which was supposed to mimic the forward strides of the movement toward Women's suffrage in the United States by describing a small animal that was hard to catch.
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19.
In 1882, Caroline Churchill changed the title of her newspaper to the moniker The Queen Bee a name that represented her as much as her publication, as the editor and majority voice of the newspaper.
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20.
The paper had grown in circulation, and Caroline Churchill was able to increase publications from monthly to weekly editions.
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21.
Caroline Churchill consistently used her platform to editorialize her experience as a female traveler and specifically female journalist; she believed that most publications were specific to the needs and rights of men, not women.
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22.
Popularity of her paper prevented her from writing more books, although Caroline Churchill still traveled extensively in the Colorado area to promote her paper, seek advertisers, and even deliver papers herself to remote corners of the state.
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23.
Caroline Churchill did not shy away from challenging many male editors and their political positions from papers across the American West.
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24.
However, what was most influential in regards to Caroline Churchill was the fact that by 1890 in Colorado, most women met in cities and were able to meet and discuss the incendiary topics she frequently discussed in The Queen Bee.
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25.
Social democratic politics in the west was focused on suffrage, temperance, and populism - such as the Farmer's Alliance - in which Caroline Churchill consistently challenged, questioned, and at times affirmed.
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26.
Caroline Churchill was willing to not only question the racial subtext which underlay the women's suffrage movement, but to constantly question, challenge, and applaud the actions of men in the state of Colorado.
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27.
Caroline Churchill's fame was most noted up to the suffrage amendment in Colorado in 1893.
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28.
Caroline Churchill ceased to be a public presence or persona, and the last of her known efforts are pleas for more readers in 1895, when she announced a brief hiatus of the publication.
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29.
Today, Caroline Churchill is celebrated by western historians as a key figure in the western suffrage movement and a pioneer as a female journalist.
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