41 Facts About Constantin Stere

One of the central figures of the Bessarabian intelligentsia at the time, Stere was a key actor during the Union of Bessarabia with Romania in 1918, and is associated with its legacy.

Constantin Stere was professor of Administrative and Constitutional law at the University of Iasi, serving as its rector between 1913 and 1916.

Constantin Stere is remembered for his partly autobiographical novel In preajma revolutiei.

Constantin Stere was one of the three sons of a couple of Russian citizens: Gheorghe or Iorgu Constantin Stere, an ethnic Greek landowner whose family was originally from Botosani County in the Romanian part of Moldavia, and Pulcheria, a member of the impoverished gentry in Bessarabia.

Constantin Stere spent most of his early years, until the age of eight, in Ciripcau, where the family manor was located.

Constantin Stere later indicated that, before the late 1870s, he could not spell the Romanian alphabet, which had just been adopted over the border, and had to rely on a few books smuggled into Bessarabia for getting a sense of literary Romanian.

The group was affiliated with Narodnaya Volya, and Constantin Stere was responsible for multiplying and distributing locally the manifesto issued by the latter after it had assassinated Emperor Alexander II.

Constantin Stere was first arrested in late 1883, after Okhrana units decapitated the Bessarabian wing of the Narodnaya Volya.

Constantin Stere agreed, and they were married in the prison chapel.

Constantin Stere was joined there by Maria, who gave birth to their son Roman in 1886.

Constantin Stere was swiftly taken to Tobolsk, then shipped down the Irtysh to the place where it met the Ob; he traveled to the village of Sharkala in a Khanty canoe, and was then settled in Beryozovsky District, only to be arrested again and sent back to Tobolsk in the autumn of 1888.

Constantin Stere was tried for his activities in Turinsk, based on evidence collected by the Okhrana.

In late 1891 or early 1892, having been set free, Constantin Stere returned to Bessarabia, and eventually sought political refuge inside Romania, crossing the border clandestinely.

Constantin Stere joined in the socialists Bacalbasa and Ibraileanu in a cultural polemic with the poet Alexandru Vlahuta and his magazine Vieata.

Dioghenide's supporters, editors of the newspaper Nationalul, consequently pressured Constantin Stere to indicate who Sarcaleanu was.

Similar calls were voiced by Vieata, who alleged that Constantin Stere himself was a Russian Jew.

In 1897, Constantin Stere obtained a licensure with a thesis on legal entity and individualism, one which drew criticism from the influential Conservative-inspired group Junimea, on the assumption that it had been partly inspired by Marx.

Nevertheless, during merger talks between the "generous ones" and the left-wing of the National Liberals, Stere was approached by the latter's Ion I C Bratianu; Bratianu and Gheorghe Gh.

Constantin Stere noted that the group to be defined as industrial proletariat accounted for ca.

Constantin Stere notably rejected Karl Kautsky's support for capitalization in agriculture, arguing that it was neither necessary nor practical.

Constantin Stere was not opposed to modernization, and invested trust in the role of intellectuals as militants and activists, as well as building on Werner Sombart's theory that agrarian economies were facing new and special conditions.

Constantin Stere observed changes occurring in the developed world at the turn of the 19th century, and concluded that industrialization of backward countries was being blocked by colonialism and the prosperity it had brought to the British Empire and the United States.

Constantin Stere argued that a new form of capital was being created at a larger, non-national, scale; he deemed it "vagabond capital", and viewed in it the source for the lack of accuracy in Marxist predictions over proletarian alienation.

Constantin Stere lost his position in March 1899, following Sturdza's fall from power over a scandal involving relations between Romanian and Austria-Hungary.

Constantin Stere largely owed his 1901 appointment as Deputy Professor at the University of Iasi to his political connections: falling short of legal requirements, he asked Bratianu and Spiru Haret to make an exception in his case.

Constantin Stere sided with Bratianu and Vasile Lascar in 1904, at a time when the two confronted Sturdza and resigned from their government offices, provoking the cabinet's fall.

In parallel, Constantin Stere represented the Chisinau zemstvo as a lawyer in a civil lawsuit.

Constantin Stere issued a magazine of which he was editor, attempting to profit from the political gains in Russia by calling for both in-depth social reforms and decentralization; their influence waned after reactionary politicians made electoral gains and, as the new administration, confiscated most of the magazine's issues.

Constantin Stere distanced himself from the competing and equally peasant-focused trend of Samanatorul, which aimed to preserve the peasant way of life in front of modernization rather than enforce the peasant economy advocated by Poporanism.

Constantin Stere was notably involved in polemics with Samanatorul's Octavian Goga and Nicolae Iorga.

Alongside other followers of Bratianu, Constantin Stere began campaigning in favor of dismissing the Conservative cabinet of Premier Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino, at a time when the latter faced Take Ionescu's dissidence.

Constantin Stere nevertheless authored several studies in which he condemned the state of affairs in Romanian agriculture, concluding one of them with a Latin verdict, paraphrasing Pliny the Elder, Latifundia perdidere Romaniam.

Constantin Stere expressed full support for the newly established agricultural bank, Casa Rurala, at a time when the project for its creation was voted in Parliament.

Constantin Stere had a moderate reaction to the publishing of Neo-Serfdom, briefly criticizing the arguments it brought against Poporanist politics ; additional replies to the thesis came from Stere's disciple, the engineer Nicolae Profiri.

Around 1912, while visiting Florence, Italy, Constantin Stere began a long extra-marital relationship with Ana Radovici, the widow of Ion Radovici.

Constantin Stere joined his voice to a diverse intellectual opposition which included the Conservative Party's Petre P Carp and Alexandru Marghiloman, the left-leaning writers Tudor Arghezi, Dimitrie D Patrascanu, and Gala Galaction, as well as the revolutionary socialist Christian Rakovsky.

Constantin Stere caused a scandal after running and winning elections for the Chamber of Deputies of Romania in Soroca, when all parties joined Nicolae Iorga in opposition to his appointment in office.

Fears of Bolshevik appeal in Bessarabia led to widespread allegations that the former socialist Constantin Stere was "Bolshevizing" the region.

In 1919, Constantin Stere had shown his awareness of that he and his party were being criticised by various political groups claiming Marxist orthodoxy, far left included.

Constantin Stere was the author of a legislation which aimed at providing for a degree of administrative decentralization and local initiative in government, passed in 1929 by the Iuliu Maniu executive.

Constantin Stere soon clashed with the more conservative politicians who had been members of the PNR.