25 Facts About Edmontosaurus

Edmontosaurus is a genus of hadrosaurid dinosaur.

Edmontosaurus was one of the last non-avian dinosaurs, and lived alongside dinosaurs like Triceratops, Tyrannosaurus, Ankylosaurus, and Pachycephalosaurus shortly before the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event.

Edmontosaurus included some of the largest hadrosaurid species, with E annectens measuring up to 12 metres in length and weighing around 5.

Edmontosaurus was widely distributed across western North America, ranging from Colorado to the north slopes of Alaska.

The distribution of Edmontosaurus fossils suggests that it preferred coasts and coastal plains.

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Edmontosaurus has had a long and complicated history in paleontology, having spent decades with various species classified in other genera.

Edmontosaurus itself was coined in 1917 by Lawrence Lambe for two partial skeletons found in the Horseshoe Canyon Formation along the Red Deer River of southern Alberta, Canada.

Two more species that would come to be included with Edmontosaurus were named from Canadian remains in the 1920s, but both would initially be assigned to Thespesius.

Conception of Edmontosaurus that emerged included three valid species: the type E regalis, E annectens, and E saskatchewanensis.

Edmontosaurus is currently regarded as having two valid species: type species E regalis, and E annectens.

The nasal openings of Edmontosaurus were elongate and housed in deep depressions surrounded by distinct bony rims above, behind, and below.

Multiple specimens of Edmontosaurus annectens have been found with preserved skin impressions.

Edmontosaurus was a hadrosaurid, a member of a family of dinosaurs which to date are known only from the Late Cretaceous.

However, the most recent review of Hadrosauridae, by Jack Horner and colleagues, came to a noticeably different result: Edmontosaurus was nested between Gryposaurus and the "brachylophosaurs", and distant from Saurolophus.

Brain of Edmontosaurus has been described in several papers and abstracts through the use of endocasts of the cavity where the brain had been.

Research conducted by computer modeling in 2007 suggests that Edmontosaurus could run at high speeds, perhaps up to 45 kilometres per hour .

Three quarries containing Edmontosaurus remains are identified in a 2007 database of fossil bone beds, from Alberta, South Dakota, and Wyoming .

Edmontosaurus has been considered a possibly migratory hadrosaurid by some authors.

Edmontosaurus was a wide-ranging genus in both time and space.

At its northern range, Edmontosaurus is known from a single locality; the Liscomb Bonebed of the Prince Creek Formation.

Edmontosaurus regalis is known from the lowest of five units within the Horseshoe Canyon Formation, but is absent from at least the second to the top.

Edmontosaurus was one of the more common dinosaurs of the interval.

The coastal plain Triceratops–Edmontosaurus association, dominated by Triceratops, extended from Colorado to Saskatchewan.

Diet and physiology of Edmontosaurus have been probed by using stable isotopes of carbon and oxygen as recorded in tooth enamel.

Time span and geographic range of Edmontosaurus overlapped with Tyrannosaurus, and an adult specimen of E annectens on display in the Denver Museum of Nature and Science shows evidence of a theropod bite in the tail.

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