Graphite oxide, formerly called graphitic oxide or graphitic acid, is a compound of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen in variable ratios, obtained by treating graphite with strong oxidizers and acids for resolving of extra metals.
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Graphene Graphite oxide sheets have been used to prepare strong paper-like materials, membranes, thin films, and composite materials.
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The graphene obtained by reduction of graphene Graphite oxide still has many chemical and structural defects which is a problem for some applications but an advantage for some others.
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Graphite oxide was first prepared by Oxford chemist Benjamin C Brodie in 1859, by treating graphite with a mixture of potassium chlorate and fuming nitric acid.
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The temperature point of explosive exfoliation is generally higher for graphite oxide prepared by the Brodie method compared to Hummers graphite oxide, the difference is up to 100 degrees with the same heating rates.
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Graphite oxide has been prepared by using a "bottom-up" synthesis method in which the sole source is glucose, the process is safer, simpler, and more environmentally friendly compared to traditionally "top-down" method, in which strong oxidizers are involved.
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Structure and properties of graphite oxide depend on the particular synthesis method and degree of oxidation.
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Strictly speaking "Graphite oxide" is an incorrect but historically established name.
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Separation of graphite oxide layers is proportional to the size of alcohol molecule.
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Cooling of Brodie graphite oxide immersed in excess of liquid methanol, ethanol, acetone and dimethylformamide results in step-like insertion of an additional solvent monolayer and lattice expansion.
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Hummers graphite oxide is intercalated with two methanol or ethanol monolayers at ambient temperature.
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Graphene Graphite oxide has unique surface properties which make it a very good surfactant material stabilizing various emulsion systems.
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Graphene Graphite oxide remains at the interface of the emulsions systems due to the difference in surface energy of the two phases separated by the interface.
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Graphene Graphite oxide sheets are chemically reactive in liquid water, leading them to acquire a small negative charge.
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Graphite oxide can be used as a cation exchange membrane for materials such as KCl, HCl, CaCl2, MgCl2, BaCl2 solutions.
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Graphite oxide has attracted much interest as a possible route for the large-scale production and manipulation of graphene, a material with extraordinary electronic properties.
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Recently, the synthetic protocol for graphite oxide was optimized and almost intact graphene oxide with a preserved carbon framework was obtained.
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At this temperature, carbon diGraphite oxide is released as the oxygen functionalities are removed and it explosively separates the sheets as it comes out.
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Graphene oxide has been reduced to graphene in situ, using a 3D printed pattern of engineered E coli bacteria.
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Currently, researchers are focussed on reducing graphene Graphite oxide using non-toxic substances; tea and coffee powder, lemon extract and various plants based antioxidants are widely used.
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Graphene Graphite oxide has been demonstrated as a flexible free-standing battery anode material for room temperature lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries.
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The functional groups on graphene Graphite oxide can serve as sites for chemical modification and immobilization of active species.
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Recently, the excellent properties of newly discovered graphene Graphite oxide provide novel solutions to overcome the challenges of current planar focusing devices.
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Specifically, giant refractive index modification, which is one order of magnitude larger than the current materials, between graphene Graphite oxide and reduced graphene Graphite oxide have been demonstrated by dynamically manipulating its oxygen content using the direct laser writing method.
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When used in composite materials with CdS, graphene Graphite oxide nanocomposites have been shown to exhibit increased hydrogen production and quantum efficiency.
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Graphene Graphite oxide is being explored for its applications in hydrogen storage.
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Graphene Graphite oxide has been studied for its promising uses in a wide variety of nanomedical applications including tissue engineering, cancer treatment, medical imaging, and drug delivery.
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