Graphene is an allotrope of carbon consisting of a single layer of atoms arranged in a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice nanostructure.
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25 Facts About Graphene
2.
Graphene conducts heat and electricity very efficiently along its plane.
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3.
Graphene has become a valuable and useful nanomaterial due to its exceptionally high tensile strength, electrical conductivity, transparency, and being the thinnest two-dimensional material in the world.
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4.
Graphene was properly isolated and characterized in 2004 by Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov at the University of Manchester.
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5.
In 2014 a National Graphene Institute was established with that purpose at the University of Manchester, with a 60 million GBP initial funding.
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6.
Graphene is a zero-gap semiconductor, because its conduction and valence bands meet at the Dirac points.
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7.
Graphene doped with various gaseous species can be returned to an undoped state by gentle heating in vacuum.
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8.
Graphene doped with potassium in ultra-high vacuum at low temperature can reduce mobility 20-fold.
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9.
Graphene samples prepared on nickel films, and on both the silicon face and carbon face of silicon carbide, show the anomalous effect directly in electrical measurements.
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10.
Graphene can be saturated readily under strong excitation over the visible to near-infrared region, due to the universal optical absorption and zero band gap.
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11.
Graphene is claimed to be an ideal material for spintronics due to its small spin–orbit interaction and the near absence of nuclear magnetic moments in carbon .
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12.
Graphene sheets were suspended over cavities where an AFM tip was used to apply a stress to the sheet to test its mechanical properties.
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13.
Graphene nanosheets have been incorporated into a Ni matrix through a plating process to form Ni-graphene composites on a target substrate.
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14.
Graphene is the only form of carbon in which every atom is available for chemical reaction from two sides .
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15.
Graphene has the highest ratio of edge atoms of any allotrope.
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16.
Graphene is commonly modified with oxygen- and nitrogen-containing functional groups and analyzed by infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
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17.
Graphene can be used in biosensors; in 2015, researchers demonstrated that a graphene-based sensor be can used to detect a cancer risk biomarker.
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18.
Graphene oxide is usually produced through chemical exfoliation of graphite.
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19.
Graphene is normally hydrophobic and impermeable to all gases and liquids .
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20.
Graphene can be a ligand to coordinate metals and metal ions by introducing functional groups.
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21.
Graphene reinforced with embedded carbon nanotube reinforcing bars is easier to manipulate, while improving the electrical and mechanical qualities of both materials.
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22.
Graphene can be created by opening carbon nanotubes by cutting or etching.
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23.
Graphene analogs are two-dimensional systems which exhibit similar properties to graphene.
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24.
Graphene analogs are studied intensively since the discovery of graphene in 2004.
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25.
Graphene is often produced as a powder and as a dispersion in a polymer matrix.
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