65 Facts About Manchester

Manchester is a city in Greater Manchester, England.

Around the 14th century, Manchester received an influx of Flemish weavers, sometimes credited as the foundation of the region's textile industry.

Manchester became an important centre for the manufacture and trade of woollens and linen, and by about 1540, had expanded to become, in John Leland's words, "The fairest, best builded, quickest, and most populous town of all Lancashire.

Manchester was a diligent puritan, turning out ale houses and banning the celebration of Christmas; he died in 1656.

Manchester became the dominant marketplace for textiles produced in the surrounding towns.

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Manchester was one of the centres of textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution.

The great majority of cotton spinning took place in the towns of south Lancashire and north Cheshire, and Manchester was for a time the most productive centre of cotton processing.

Manchester became known as the world's largest marketplace for cotton goods and was dubbed "Cottonopolis" and "Warehouse City" during the Victorian era.

Manchester began expanding "at an astonishing rate" around the turn of the 19th century as people flocked to the city for work from Scotland, Wales, Ireland and other areas of England as part of a process of unplanned urbanisation brought on by the Industrial Revolution.

Trade, and feeding the growing population, required a large transport and distribution infrastructure: the canal system was extended, and Manchester became one end of the world's first intercity passenger railway—the Liverpool and Manchester Railway.

Centre of capitalism, Manchester was once the scene of bread and labour riots, as well as calls for greater political recognition by the city's working and non-titled classes.

The economic school of Manchester Capitalism developed there, and Manchester was the centre of the Anti-Corn Law League from 1838 onward.

Manchester was an important cradle of the Labour Party and the Suffragette Movement.

An American visitor taken to Manchester's blackspots saw "wretched, defrauded, oppressed, crushed human nature, lying and bleeding fragments".

Thereafter the number began to decline and Manchester was surpassed as the largest centre of cotton spinning by Bolton in the 1850s and Oldham in the 1860s.

Manchester suffered greatly from the Great Depression and the underlying structural changes that began to supplant the old industries, including textile manufacture.

Manchester was thus the target of bombing by the Luftwaffe, and by late 1940 air raids were taking place against non-military targets.

Manchester lost 150, 000 jobs in manufacturing between 1961 and 1983.

Manchester has a history of attacks attributed to Irish Republicans, including the Manchester Martyrs of 1867, arson in 1920, a series of explosions in 1939, and two bombs in 1992.

In January 2007, the independent Casino Advisory Panel licensed Manchester to build the UK's only supercasino, but plans were abandoned in February 2008.

Manchester has been a member of the English Core Cities Group since its inception in 1995.

Town of Manchester was granted a charter by Thomas Grelley in 1301, but lost its borough status in a court case of 1359.

From a very early time, the township of Manchester lay within the historic or ceremonial county boundaries of Lancashire.

Manchester later formed its own Poor Law Union using the name "Manchester".

Manchester regained its borough status in 1838, and comprised the townships of Beswick, Cheetham Hill, Chorlton upon Medlock and Hulme.

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In 1974, by way of the Local Government Act 1972, the City of Manchester became a metropolitan district of the metropolitan county of Greater Manchester.

Manchester is contiguous on all sides with several large settlements, except for a small section along its southern boundary with Cheshire.

Manchester has a relatively high humidity level, and this, along with abundant soft water, was one factor that led to advancement of the textile industry in the area.

Manchester's population is projected to reach 532, 200 by 2021, an increase of 5.

In terms of ethnic composition, the City of Manchester has the highest non-white proportion of any district in Greater Manchester.

The area attracts large numbers of Chinese students to the city who, in attending the local universities, contribute to Manchester having the third-largest Chinese population in Europe.

The Manchester LUZ is the second largest within the United Kingdom, behind that of London.

Meanwhile, KPMG's competitive alternative report found that in 2012 Manchester had the 9th lowest tax cost of any industrialised city in the world, and fiscal devolution has come earlier to Manchester than to any other British city: it can keep half the extra taxes it gets from transport investment.

KPMG's competitive alternative report found that Manchester was Europe's most affordable city featured, ranking slightly better than the Dutch cities of Rotterdam and Amsterdam, which all have a cost-of-living index of less than 95.

Manchester is a city of contrast, where some of the country's most deprived and most affluent neighbourhoods can be found.

In 2013 Manchester was ranked 6th in the UK for quality of life, according to a rating of the UK's 12 largest cities.

Manchester has the largest UK office market outside London, according to GVA Grimley, with a quarterly office uptake of some 250, 000 square ft – equivalent to the quarterly office uptake of Leeds, Liverpool and Newcastle combined and 90, 000 square feet more than the nearest rival, Birmingham.

The strong office market in Manchester has been partly attributed to "northshoring", which entails the relocation or alternative creation of jobs away from the overheated South to areas where office space is possibly cheaper and the workforce market less saturated.

Manchester has six designated local nature reserves: Chorlton Water Park, Blackley Forest, Clayton Vale and Chorlton Ees, Ivy Green, Boggart Hole Clough and Highfield Country Park.

Manchester became the first city in the UK to acquire a modern light rail tram system when the Manchester Metrolink opened in 1992.

Much of the First Greater Manchester business was sold to Diamond North West and Go North West in 2019.

Stagecoach Manchester is the Stagecoach Group's largest subsidiary and operates around 690 buses.

Manchester was credited as the main driving force behind British indie music of the 1980s led by The Smiths, later including The Stone Roses, Happy Mondays, Inspiral Carpets, and James.

Manchester has the most indie and rock music events outside London.

Manchester has two symphony orchestras, the Halle and the BBC Philharmonic, and a chamber orchestra, the Manchester Camerata.

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Manchester is a centre for musical education: the Royal Northern College of Music and Chetham's School of Music.

Manchester's museums celebrate Manchester's Roman history, rich industrial heritage and its role in the Industrial Revolution, the textile industry, the Trade Union movement, women's suffrage and football.

The Manchester Museum opened to the public in the 1880s, has notable Egyptology and natural history collections.

Manchester is a UNESCO City of Literature known for a "radical literary history".

Manchester's was accompanying her father Patrick, who was convalescing in the city after cataract surgery.

Manchester's probably envisioned Manchester Cathedral churchyard as the burial place for Jane's parents and the birthplace of Jane herself.

Manchester wrote here the dystopian satire A Clockwork Orange in 1962.

Night-time economy of Manchester has expanded significantly since about 1993, with investment from breweries in bars, public houses and clubs, along with active support from the local authorities.

The University of Manchester is the second largest full-time non-collegiate university in the United Kingdom, created in 2004 by the merger of Victoria University of Manchester, founded in 1904, and UMIST, founded in 1956, having developed from the Mechanics' Institute founded, as indicated in the university's logo, in 1824.

The University of Manchester includes the Manchester Business School, which offered the first MBA course in the UK in 1965.

Manchester United play home games at Old Trafford, the largest club ground in the United Kingdom - although this is not located within the City of Manchester and is in the neighbouring metropolitan borough of Trafford.

Manchester has competed twice to host the Olympic Games, beaten by Atlanta for 1996 and Sydney for 2000.

The Manchester Velodrome, built as a part of the bid for the 2000 games, has become a catalyst for British success in cycling.

The Manchester Arena hosted the FINA World Swimming Championships in 2008.

Manchester hosted the World Squash Championships in 2008, the 2010 World Lacrosse Championship.

Manchester has been a centre of television broadcasting since the 1950s.

Manchester was the regional base for BBC One North West Region programmes before it relocated to MediaCityUK in nearby Salford Quays.

Manchester is covered by two internet television channels: Quays News and Manchester.

Manchester has formal twinning arrangements with several places.

Manchester is home to the largest group of consuls in the UK outside London.

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