14 Facts About Leptin

Leptin is a hormone predominantly made by adipose cells and enterocytes in the small intestine that helps to regulate energy balance by inhibiting hunger, which in turn diminishes fat storage in adipocytes.

Leptin receptors are expressed not only in the hypothalamus but in other brain regions, particularly in the hippocampus.

Leptin is involved in reproduction by stimulating gonadotropin-releasing hormone from the hypothalamus.

Leptin is expressed in fetal membranes and the uterine tissue.

Leptin plays a role in hyperemesis gravidarum, in polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothalamic leptin is implicated in bone growth in mice.

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Leptin can affect bone metabolism via direct signalling from the brain.

Leptin is a pro-angiogenic, pro-inflammatory and mitogenic factor, the actions of which are reinforced through crosstalk with IL-1 family cytokines in cancer.

Leptin is produced primarily in the adipocytes of white adipose tissue.

Leptin is known to interact with amylin, a hormone involved in gastric emptying and creating a feeling of fullness.

Leptin resistance is seen in rats after they are given unlimited access to palatable, energy-dense foods.

Leptin has thus emerged as a candidate to link obesity and osteoarthritis and serves as an apparent objective as a nutritional treatment for osteoarthritis.

Leptin has been shown to be produced by chondrocytes, as well as by other tissues in the joints, including the synovial tissue, osteophytes, the meniscus and bone.

Leptin was approved in the United States in 2014 for use in congenital leptin deficiency and generalized lipodystrophy.

Leptin was the first fat cell-derived hormone to be discovered.