1. Ma Hongkui was a prominent Chinese Muslim warlord during the Republic of China era, ruling the province of Ningxia.
25 Facts About Ma Hongkui
1. 2.
In 1950, Hongkui migrated to the United States, where he lived until he died in 1970.
3.
Ma Hongkui was considered by some sources to be among China's best generals.
4.
Ma Hongkui was in Beijing until Cao Kun's presidency, even though he was the commander of the Ningxia Army.
5.
Ma Hongkui was at one point the Ningxia, Shaanxi and Mongolia "Bandit Suppression Commander".
6.
Ma Hongkui was a member of the Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission.
7.
Ma Hongkui was the vice-commander of the 8th War Zone.
8.
Ma Hongkui maintained a sharp watch against Japan during the war.
9.
Ma Hongkui seized the city of Dingyuanying in Suiyuan and arrested Mongol prince Darijaya in 1938 because a Japanese officer of the Kwantung Army, Doihara Kenji, visited the prince.
10.
Ma Hongkui was in contact with Kazakh leader Ospan Batyr, who kept him informed of events.
11.
Hu requested immediate help from Ma Hongkui, who was the governor.
12.
Hu Zongnan ignored President Li Zongren's orders; Ma Hongkui was furious at this and sent a telegram to Li ordering him to submit his resignation from all positions he held.
13.
Ma Hongkui met with Chiang Kai-shek in Chongqing to plan an attack on the PLA.
14.
At a 1951 press conference in the United States, Ma Hongkui urged the country to aid the KMT in Taiwan.
15.
Ma Hongkui had a son, Ma Dunjing, who was a general and official in his Ningxia government.
16.
Ma Hongkui was extremely brutal in his reign, with executions averaging one a day; he started his reign as governor in 1932 by decapitating 300 bandits.
17.
Ma Hongkui stood out from the other provincial governors with the degree of his strong rule over Ningxia.
18.
Ma Hongkui constantly drilled his peasant Muslim army in combat, who were armed mostly with swords, spears and rifles.
19.
Ma Hongkui's standing army consisted of 100,000 troops; counties provided reserves of 10,000 men each.
20.
Ma Hongkui's government had a company, Fu Ning Company, which had a monopoly over commerce and industry in Ningxia.
21.
Ma Hongkui suffered from severe diabetes attacks, and in 1949 they became so bad that he was not expected to recover.
22.
Ma Hongkui's grandfather was Ma Qianling, his father was Ma Fuxiang, his uncles were Ma Fushou, Ma Fulu and Ma Fucai, his cousin was Ma Hongbin, and he had six wives and several children.
23.
Ma Hongkui arranged the building of the cemetery plot in Taipei where he is buried along with his eldest son and his fourth wife.
24.
Ma Hongkui married his first wife, Liu Chieh-cheng, in 1914.
25.
Ma Hongkui was 70 at the time and was hospitalized.