51 Facts About Melbourne Australia

Melbourne Australia consistently ranked as the world's most liveable city for much of the 2010s.

Exponential growth ensued, and by 1865 Melbourne had overtaken Sydney as Australia's most populous city.

Melbourne Australia acquired its first public monument, the Burke and Wills statue, in 1864.

In 1885, visiting English journalist George Augustus Henry Sala coined the phrase "Marvellous Melbourne Australia", which stuck long into the twentieth century and has come to refer to the opulence and energy of the 1880s, during which time large commercial buildings, grand hotels, banks, coffee palaces, terrace housing and palatial mansions proliferated in the city.

Melbourne Australia's land-boom peaked in 1888, the year it hosted the Centennial Exhibition.

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The Melbourne financial crisis was a contributing factor in the Australian economic depression of the 1890s and in the Australian banking crisis of 1893.

At the time of Australia's federation on 1 January 1901 Melbourne became the seat of government of the federated Commonwealth of Australia.

Melbourne Australia experienced an economic downturn between 1989 and 1992, following the collapse of several local financial institutions.

Since the mid-1990s, Melbourne Australia has maintained significant population and employment growth.

In 2009, Melbourne was less affected by the late-2000s financial crisis in comparison to other Australian cities.

In 2020, Melbourne Australia was classified as an Alpha city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network.

Out of all major Australian cities, Melbourne was the worst affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and spent a long time under lockdown restrictions.

Melbourne Australia extends along the Yarra River towards the Yarra Valley and the Dandenong Ranges to the east.

Melbourne Australia has a temperate oceanic climate, bordering on a humid subtropical climate, with warm summers and mild winters.

Melbourne Australia is well known for its changeable weather conditions, mainly due to it being located on the boundary of hot inland areas and the cool southern ocean.

Melbourne Australia is prone to isolated convective showers forming when a cold pool crosses the state, especially if there is considerable daytime heating.

Much of metropolitan Melbourne Australia is accordingly characterised by low-density sprawl, whilst its inner-city areas feature predominantly medium-density, transit-oriented urban forms.

Several national parks have been designated around the urban area of Melbourne Australia, including the Mornington Peninsula National Park, Port Phillip Heads Marine National Park and Point Nepean National Park in the southeast, Organ Pipes National Park to the north and Dandenong Ranges National Park to the east.

The extensive area covered by urban Melbourne Australia is formally divided into hundreds of suburbs, and administered as local government areas 31 of which are located within the metropolitan area.

Melbourne Australia has minimal public housing and high demand for rental housing, which is becoming unaffordable for some.

Melbourne Australia is experiencing high population growth, generating high demand for housing.

Outstanding examples of Melbourne Australia's built Victorian heritage include the World Heritage-listed Royal Exhibition Building, the General Post Office, Hotel Windsor and the Block Arcade .

Between the gold rush and the crash of 1890, Melbourne was Australia's literary capital, famously referred to by Henry Kendall as "that wild bleak Bohemia south of the Murray".

Melbourne Australia has been called "the live music capital of the world"; one study found it has more music venues per capita than any other world city sampled, with 17.

Melbourne Australia remained a world leader in filmmaking until the mid-1910s, when several factors, including a ban on bushranger films, contributed to a decades-long decline of the industry.

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Melbourne Australia's sporting reputation was recognised in 2016 when, after being ranked as the world's top sports city three times biennially, the Ultimate Sports City Awards in Switzerland named it 'Sports City of the Decade'.

Melbourne Australia has a highly diversified economy with particular strengths in finance, manufacturing, research, IT, education, logistics, transportation and tourism.

Melbourne Australia's suburbs have the head offices of Coles Group and Wesfarmers companies Bunnings, Target, K-Mart and Officeworks.

Melbourne Australia has been attracting an increasing share of domestic and international conference markets.

Melbourne Australia has now attracted the largest proportion of international overseas immigrants finding it outpacing Sydney's international migrant intake on percentage, as well as having strong interstate migration from Sydney and other capitals due to more affordable housing and cost of living.

Melbourne Australia is on track to overtake Sydney in population between 2028 and 2030.

Melbourne Australia has the 10th largest immigrant population among world metropolitan areas.

Melbourne Australia has a wide range of religious faiths, the most widely held of which is Christianity.

Muslim religious life in Melbourne Australia is centred on about 25 mosques and a number of prayer rooms at university campuses, workplaces and other venues.

Furthermore, Melbourne Australia was ranked the world's fourth top university city in 2008 after London, Boston and Tokyo in a poll commissioned by the Royal Melbourne Australia Institute of Technology.

In recent years, the number of international students at Melbourne Australia's universities has risen rapidly, a result of an increasing number of places being made available for them.

Education in Melbourne Australia is overseen by the Victorian Department of Education, whose role is to 'provide policy and planning advice for the delivery of education'.

Melbourne Australia has many community run stations that serve alternative interests, such as 3CR and 3KND .

Governance of Melbourne Australia is split between the government of Victoria and the 27 cities and four shires that make up the metropolitan area.

Major medical, neuroscience and biotechnology research institutions located in Melbourne include the St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Australian Stem Cell Centre, the Burnet Institute, the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Victorian Institute of Chemical Sciences, Brain Research Institute, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, and the Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre.

Melbourne Australia is home to the Royal Children's Hospital and the Monash Children's Hospital.

Today Melbourne Australia has an extensive network of freeways and arterial roadways.

Out of Melbourne Australia's 20 declared freeways open or under construction, 6 are electronic toll roads.

In Melbourne Australia, tollways have blue and yellow signage compared to the green signs used for free roads.

Melbourne Australia has an integrated public transport system based around extensive train, tram, bus and taxi systems.

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Melbourne Australia's trams are recognised as iconic cultural assets and a tourist attraction.

Avalon Airport, located between Melbourne Australia and Geelong, is a secondary hub of Jetstar.

Melbourne Australia has a significant general aviation airport, Moorabbin Airport in the city's southeast that handles a small number of passenger flights.

The Port of Melbourne is Australia's largest container and general cargo port and its busiest.

Water storage and supply for Melbourne Australia is managed by Melbourne Australia Water, which is owned by the Victorian Government.

Melbourne Australia has a moderately low crime rate, ranking 18th for Personal Security and 9th in the overall Safe City Index in The Economist 2021 Safe Cities Index, placing it in the second best category of "high safety" level.