10 Facts About Parallel computers

Parallel computers computing is a type of computation in which many calculations or processes are carried out simultaneously.

Parallel computers computing is closely related to concurrent computing—they are frequently used together, and often conflated, though the two are distinct: it is possible to have parallelism without concurrency, and concurrency without parallelism .

Parallel computers can be roughly classified according to the level at which the hardware supports parallelism, with multi-core and multi-processor computers having multiple processing elements within a single machine, while clusters, MPPs, and grids use multiple computers to work on the same task.

The processing elements can be diverse and include resources such as a single computer with multiple processors, several networked Parallel computers, specialized hardware, or any combination of the above.

Parallel computers based on interconnected networks need to have some kind of routing to enable the passing of messages between nodes that are not directly connected.

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Parallel computers can be roughly classified according to the level at which the hardware supports parallelism.

Many historic and current superParallel computers use customized high-performance network hardware specifically designed for cluster computing, such as the Cray Gemini network.

Cray Parallel computers became famous for their vector-processing Parallel computers in the 1970s and 1980s.

The motivation behind early SIMD Parallel computers was to amortize the gate delay of the processor's control unit over multiple instructions.

Parallel computers's design was funded by the US Air Force, which was the earliest SIMD parallel-computing effort, ILLIAC IV.