27 Facts About Prostate cancer

Prostate cancer is the second most common cancerous tumor worldwide and is the fifth leading cause of cancer-related mortality among men.

Prostate cancer screening, including prostate-specific antigen testing, increases cancer detection but whether it improves outcomes is controversial.

Prostate cancer is associated with urinary dysfunction as the prostate gland surrounds the prostatic urethra.

Prostate cancer is uncommon in men younger than 45, but becomes more common with advancing age.

Men who have a first-degree relative with prostate cancer have twice the risk of developing prostate cancer, and those with two first-degree relatives affected have a five-fold greater risk compared with men with no family history.

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Prostate cancer is part of the male reproductive system that helps make and store seminal fluid.

Prostate cancer glands require male hormones, known as androgens, to work properly.

Prostate cancer is considered a malignant tumor because it can invade other areas of the body.

Prostate cancer cells save energy by not making citrate, and use the conserved energy to grow, reproduce and spread.

P53 mutations in the primary prostate cancer are relatively low and are more frequently seen in metastatic settings, hence, p53 mutations are a late event in the pathology.

Transrectal ultrasonography creates a picture of the prostate using sound waves from a probe in the rectum, but the only test that can fully confirm the diagnosis of prostate cancer is a biopsy, the removal of small pieces of the prostate for microscopic examination.

Detection of clinically insignificant Prostate cancer has been shown to be decreased when MRI-targeted biopsy is combined with standard biopsy for men with positive results on MRI, as compared with a standard biopsy method.

Prostate cancer MRI is used for surgical planning for robotic prostatectomy.

Prostate cancer biopsies are routinely done on an outpatient basis and rarely require hospitalization.

In general, they concluded, "it is uncertain whether the benefits associated with PSA testing for prostate cancer screening are worth the harms associated with screening and subsequent unnecessary treatment.

Sipuleucel-T, a cancer vaccine, was reported to offer a four-month increase in survival in metastatic prostate cancer, but the marketing authorisation for it was withdrawn on 19 May 2015.

Patients with metastatic prostate cancer that has spread to their bones, doctors use a variety of bone-modifying agents to prevent skeletal complications and support the formation of new bone mass.

Erectile dysfunction happens in different degrees in nearly all men who undergo prostate cancer treatment, including radiotherapy or surgery; however, within one year, most of them will notice improvement.

Recent work has shown that it significantly alters clinician treatment recommendations and improves patients confidence in decision making and in their understanding of mortality risks from a new prostate cancer diagnosis Predict Prostate is endorsed for use as a decision aid for prostate cancer by the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.

In 2010, prostate cancer resulted in 256, 000 deaths, up from 156, 000 deaths in 1990.

Prostate cancer is least common among Asian men and most common among black men, with white men in between.

Prostate cancer is the third-leading cause of cancer death in men, exceeded by lung cancer and colorectal cancer.

Prostate cancer is more common in the African American population than the European American population.

Prostate cancer is the third-leading type of cancer in Canadian men.

Prostate cancer was first described by Venetian anatomist Niccolo Massa in 1536, and illustrated by Flemish anatomist Andreas Vesalius in 1538.

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Surgical removal of the testes to treat prostate cancer was first performed in the 1890s, with limited success.

Radiation therapy for prostate cancer was first developed in the early 20th century and initially consisted of intraprostatic radium implants.