1. Herman Rudolf "Rudy" Kousbroek was a Dutch poet, translator, writer and first of all essayist.

1. Herman Rudolf "Rudy" Kousbroek was a Dutch poet, translator, writer and first of all essayist.
Rudy Kousbroek was a prominent figure in Dutch cultural life between 1950 and 2010 and one of the most outspoken atheists in the Netherlands.
Rudy Kousbroek was born in Pematang Siantar, on the isle of Sumatra, in the Dutch East Indies.
Rudy Kousbroek studied mathematics and physics in Amsterdam and Japanese in Paris.
Rudy Kousbroek lived in France for many years but returned to the Netherlands in the early 1970s.
Rudy Kousbroek became for some time the moving spirit of the Cultural Supplement of NRC Handelsblad.
Rudy Kousbroek has written quite a lot about the visual arts and photography.
Rudy Kousbroek advocated a more prominent role of the natural sciences in intellectual discourse and education.
Rudy Kousbroek had three children, two with Ethel Portnoy and one with Sarah Hart.
Rudy Kousbroek sometimes used the pen names Leopold de Buch or Fred Coyett.
Rudy Kousbroek started his literary career with two books of poetry: Tien variaties op het bestiale and De begrafenis van een keerkring.
Rudy Kousbroek soon decided that writing essays was his real metier.
Rudy Kousbroek has translated Exercices de style by Raymond Queneau and wrote an introduction to the Dutch translation of Ombres chinoises by Simon Leys, a book that encouraged intellectuals in the Western world to revise their image of Mao Zedong and the Cultural Revolution.